BCH3021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Intermediate Filament, Cell Adhesion, Cytoskeleton
Lecture 3 – Structural Framework of Cells: Cytoskeleton Structure/Function
and Abnormaalities in Disease
Nature of Cytoskeleton
• Complex network of filaments extending throughout cytoplasm of cells
• Cytoskeletal filaments (3)
o Actin microfilaments
▪ Function: structural support, motility
o Microtubules
▪ Function: cell division, mobility
o Intermediate filaments
▪ Function: support for nuclear membrane, cell adhesion,
structural and shape
• Of all three cytoskeletal filaments which two have major roles in cancer? –
Actin and microtubule filaments
o More involved in dynamics of movement and cell division
o Remodelling actin – allows it to change shape
Actin Microfilaments and Movement
• Actin are helical polymers of protein actin (flexible)
• Dispersed throughout cell – highly concentrated in cortex
o Beneath plasma membrane
o Most abundant protein within eukaryotic
cells
• Use electron microscopy
• Functions
o Provide cell shape
o Participate in cell attachment points
o Allow cell movement
• Structure
o Formation of fibre much more active at
plus end
o Plus and minus end
o Filopodium – movement in one direction
o Excessary proteins help bind actin fibres into specific networks
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Document Summary
Lecture 3 structural framework of cells: cytoskeleton structure/function and abnormaalities in disease. Actin and microtubule filaments: more involved in dynamics of movement and cell division, remodelling actin allows it to change shape. Inhibits acting depolymerisation and blocks cell migration: cytochalasin b. Inhibits cell motility and phagocytosis by inhibiting polymerisation. Intermediate filaments and interaction with plasma membrane: rope like filaments monomeric fibre (8-10nm, extremely strong. Heptad repeat: can identify cellular origin of certain tumours, in tuour cells: lose normal appearance, tumour cells retain however many differentiated properties of cells are derived include. Expression of if proteins: use fluorescent tagged antibodies specific to if proteins determine whether tumor originated in epithelial, mesenchyme or neuronal tissue, epithelial cancers and mesenchymal cancers. Intermediate filament diseases: disruption of keratin networks blistering: epidermis cells bundles of keratin filaments anchored at ends to desmosomes. Intermediate filament family: range of inherited genetic diseases: 70 monomer/genes, keratins.