PSYC10004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Specific Phobia, Twin Study, Hypervigilance
28 Jun 2018
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LECTURE 30 – PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS I: DEPRESSIVE, ANXIETY, OBESESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND
TARUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS
WHAT IS A MOOD DISORDER?
Mood – a person’s subjective emotional state how I feel on the inside
Affect – objective appearance of mood inferences about observable behaviour
oi.e. seeing someone crying inference that they’re sad
Mood disorders – involve depression or elevation of mood as the primary disturbance
Can have other abnormalities (psychosis, anxiety etc.)
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE
Depressed mood
Anhedonia – inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities
Decrease or increase in appetite OR significant weight loss or gain
Persistently increased or decreased sleep
Psychomotor agitation or retardation
Fatigue or low energy
Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt
Decreased concentration or indecisiveness
Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempt
FIVE OR MORE SYMPTOMS PRESENT FOR > 2 WEEKS major depressive episode
MDE SPECIFIERS
Psychotic features (mood congruent or mood incongruent do they match or not?)
Melancholic features exaggerated depressed mood
Catatonic features
Postpartum onset birth of child
Anxious distress on edge
Seasonal pattern (seasonal affective disorder (SAD) or winter depression)
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
Criteria:
oPresence of a major depressive episode
oEpisode not better explained by another diagnosis
oNO HISTORY of mania, hypomania or mixed episode (unless substance or medical illness related)
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Risk and point prevalence higher for women than men
Family history of MDD increases risk 1.5-3 times
Up to 20-25% of patients w/ major medical comorbidity (CVA, diabetes, cancer) develop MDD
Often comorbid with one or more anxiety disorders
Occurs around when people are teenagers
ANXIETY DISORDERS
Panic disorder
Specific phobia
Social anxiety disorder (SAD)
Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
PANIC DISORDER informative label
Recurrent unexpected panic attacks and for a one month period or more of:
oPersistent worry about having additional attacks
oWorry about implications of attacks
oSignificant change in behaviour because of attacks
i.e. avoidance of situations where panic attacks might be problematic
Specify w/ or w/o agoraphobia (anxiety or fear about being in places/situations from which escape may
be difficult)
PANIC ATTACKS – physiological arousal
A discrete period of intense fear in which 4 of the following symptoms abruptly develop and peak within
10 minutes:
oPalpitations or rapid heart rate
oSweating
oTrembling or shaking
oShortness of breath
oFeeling of choking
oChest pain or discomfort
oChills or hot flushes
oNausea
oFeeling dizzy or faint
oDerealisation or depersonalisation
oFear of loss of control or going crazy
oFear of dying
oParestheasias burning sensation
oPANIC DISORDER EPIDEMIOLOGY
1-3% of general pop.; 5-10% of primary care patients, onset in teens or early 20s
Female: males, 2-3:1 females more at risk
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Lecture 30 psychological disorders i: depressive, anxiety, obesessive-compulsive and. Mood a person"s subjective emotional state how i feel on the inside. Affect objective appearance of mood inferences about observable behaviour: i. e. seeing someone crying inference that they"re sad. Mood disorders involve depression or elevation of mood as the primary disturbance. Anhedonia inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities. Decrease or increase in appetite or significant weight loss or gain. Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempt. Five or more symptoms present for > 2 weeks major depressive episode. Psychotic features (mood congruent or mood incongruent do they match or not?) Seasonal pattern (seasonal affective disorder (sad) or winter depression) Criteria: presence of a major depressive episode, episode not better explained by another diagnosis, no history of mania, hypomania or mixed episode (unless substance or medical illness related) Risk and point prevalence higher for women than men. Family history of mdd increases risk 1. 5-3 times.
