BIOL10005 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Cryptomonad, Chromista, Symbiogenesis
LECTURE 27
THE PROTISTS
CHAPTER 36 - PROTISTS
KINGDOM PROTISTA
•Unnatural grouping.
•Diverse and simple eukaryotic cell
types.
•Almost all are aquatic, or live in
moist surroundings.
•Producers are several divisions of
photosynthetic algae.
•Consumers are ciliates, colourless
flagellates, parasites, pathogens
•Absorbers & recyclers - slime
moulds, water moulds.
CRYPTOMONADS
•Cryptomonads have a second
small nucleus, a nucleomorph,
which is proof that the
endosymbiont was not a
prokaryote but a photosynthetic
eukaryote.
•Cryptomonads have thus acquired
the ability to photosynthesise
through secondary endosymbiosis,
by cannibalising a eukaryote (a red
alga) that had already formed a
permanent association (a primary
endosymbiosis) with a prokaryote.
•The presence of both phycobilins and chlorophyll c make cryptomonads similar to both chromists
and red algae, further implicating them as a likely early offshoot from the chromists.
•Heterokonts usually have one
smooth flagellum directed posteriorly
and one hairy flagellum directed
anteriorly.
•Cryptomonad flagellate chloroplasts
are from a red alga (Chl A + C plus
phycoerythrin and phycocyanin).
•Chlorarachniophytes are amoeboid
protistan pirates with green algal
chloroplasts (Chl A + B) that contain
a nucleomorph each.
Lecture 27 - Friday 23 September 2016
BIOL10005 - GENETICS & THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE
Document Summary
Kingdom protista: unnatural grouping, diverse and simple eukaryotic cell types, almost all are aquatic, or live in moist surroundings, producers are several divisions of photosynthetic algae, consumers are ciliates, colourless flagellates, parasites, pathogens, absorbers & recyclers - slime moulds, water moulds. Biol10005 - genetics & the evolution of life. Green algae (chlorophyta: one of the greatest stories of evolution, chloroplasts are green a (chlorophylls a, b) and are primary endosymbionts, enormous variation, diverse morphology, progenitors of land plants, why green algae are interesting, major biofoulers and polluters, solar energy, biofuels. Brown algae (phaeophyta: marine seaweeds, protistan pirates - chloroplast from a red alga and contains chl a + c and the brown pigment, cell walls contain a major source of commercially important alginates used in the food industry fucoxanthin. (eg. Kelp farming): alginates: emulsifiers & stabilizers (cheap substitute for carrageenans). Diatoms (bacillariophyta: unicellular organisms which can cluster together to form colonies.
