BIOL10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Dikaryon, Basidiomycota, Ascomycota
10 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
High in cholesterol, but also produce statins which lower cholesterol. Mycelium = the feeding structure; a network of hyphae with large sa:v ratio. Chitin microfibrils: in cell walls, embedded in a polysaccharide, protein and lipid matrix. Hyphae: can fuse (anastomose) to form heterokaryons (cells with mixed nuclei). Capable of indefinite growth and reproduce by spores. Septa: incomplete divisions across hyphae, allowing cytoplasmic continuity. Secrete enzymes (e. g. cellulose), digest food externally; energy stored as glycogen, fats and oils. Most pathogenic fungi are saprotrophs: decompose organic matter for food. Other fungi are parasitic, with specialised structures and nutrition. Others are mutualistic: live in symbiosis with the plant - beneficial for fungus and plant e. g. mycorrhizae (fungi + plant roots) Invertebrates (leaf cutting ants, termites + fungus gardens) Sexual and/or asexual spores, or by budding/fission (yeasts) Meiosis after karyogamy & zygote (2n) formation: nuclei in vegetative hyphae are haploid (n) Dikaryons (n+n) 2 nuclei from separate parents.
