ANAT30007 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Anatomical Terms Of Motion, Hyaline Cartilage, Iliofemoral Ligament
27 May 2018
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Avascular hyaline cartilage covers articular parts
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Vascular synovial membrane lines capsule (reflected onto neck of femur and ligament of head)
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ligament of head of femur (ligamentum teres), in the fovea capitis femoris: doesn't provide
much mechanical support, transmits an artery
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acetabular labrum
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transverse acetabular ligament over the acetabular notch
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fat pad in acetabular fossa (intracapsular but extrasynovial)
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Articular capsule contains 3 thickenings/ ligaments (to each hip bone)
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iliofemoral (‘Y’) ligament of Bigelow - anterior, strongest ligament in the body: from AIIS
to intertrochanteric line
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Pubofemoral - anterior: from lateral side of superior ramus of pubis, blends with
iliofemoral ligament
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Ischiofemoral: spirals from acetabular surface on posterior side, to anterior side
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all 3 tighten in hip internal rotation and extension, stops hyperextension - most lax in
flexion
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Major ligaments:
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Iliopectineal/psoas bursa over deficiency in capsule (iliopsoas muscle)
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trochanteric bursa (where gluteus medius/minimus insert on the greater trochanter)
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Bursae:
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Ligaments
Locomotor Page 8
psoas (ant)
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rectus femoris (lat/ant)
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6 external rotators (post)
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Muscular support:
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Hip joint stability: good congruence
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Position of maximal stability: extended, abducted and internally rotated
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Other special structures
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Femoral neck fracture: in children and elderly, esp females - externally rotated and shortened
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Posterior dislocation most common: flexed, adducted, internally rotated - headlong impact
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Anterior dislocation less common (impact sports): extended, abducted, externally rotated -
head slips down through labrum
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Congenital dislocation: baby swaddled tightly, too much adduction and epiphyses haven't
fused yet
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Hip dislocation and fracture
Locomotor Page 9
Document Summary
Articular capsule contains 3 thickenings/ ligaments (to each hip bone) Major ligaments: iliofemoral (cid:894)(cid:858)y(cid:859)(cid:895) liga(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of bigelo(cid:449) - anterior, strongest ligament in the body: from aiis to intertrochanteric line. Pubofemoral - anterior: from lateral side of superior ramus of pubis, blends with iliofemoral ligament. Ischiofemoral: spirals from acetabular surface on posterior side, to anterior side all 3 tighten in hip internal rotation and extension, stops hyperextension - most lax in flexion. Iliopectineal/psoas bursa over deficiency in capsule (iliopsoas muscle) trochanteric bursa (where gluteus medius/minimus insert on the greater trochanter) Position of maximal stability: extended, abducted and internally rotated. Femoral neck fracture: in children and elderly, esp females - externally rotated and shortened. Posterior dislocation most common: flexed, adducted, internally rotated - headlong impact. Anterior dislocation less common (impact sports): extended, abducted, externally rotated - head slips down through labrum. Congenital dislocation: baby swaddled tightly, too much adduction and epiphyses haven"t fused yet.
