EEH103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Bone Marrow, Medullary Cavity, Bone
WEEK 6 NOTES:
SKELETAL SYSTEM:
oFUNCTIONS:
- Support
- Storage of minerals and lipids
- Blood cell production
- Protection
- Leverage
oCELLS:
- Made up of cells, protein fibres and minerals
- Constantly broken down and rebuilt
- 3 main types of bone cells:
Osteoclasts (break down)
- Large cells attach to bone surfaces and use acids and enzymes to decompose
bone
Osteoblasts (build up)
- Immature bone cells which produce osteoid (organic substance of bone marrow
matrix) which mineralise to form bone
- Many develop into osteocytes or into living cells, which cover bone surfaces
Osteocytes
- Mature bone cells that assist in bone and matrix formation
- They also aid in maintaining a proper blood calcium balance
- Maintain mineral concentration
oTISSUE:
-OSSEOUS TISSUE = supporting connective tissue
COMPACT:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- Dense, hard outer layer of the bone
- Contains osteons that are tightly packed together
- And osteon consists of a central canal surrounded by concentric rings of
compact bone
- Provides pathways for blood vessels and nerves
CANCELLOUS
- Located within compact bone
- Spongy, more flexible and less dense
- Cancellous bone contains red bone marrow- the site of blood cell production
TISSUE LAYERS LINING BONES:
-PERIOSTEUM: lines outside surface of bones
-The surface to which muscles and tendons attach
-ENDOSTEUM: lines the inner surface of bones
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- Lines the medullary cavity or the hollow portion of the middle of a long bone
oSTRUCTURE:
DIAPHYSIS:
- Length of the long bone
- Wall is compact
- Centre is medullary cavity, marrow
EPIPHYSIS
- End of the bone
- Spongy part of the bone (more prolific
- Open network like lattice
- With thin context or covering
METAPHYSIS:
- Where the diaphysis meets the epiphysis
oBONE CLASSIFICATION:
- Classified by structure and shape
SHAPES:
- Sutural bones (flat bones of the skull)
- Irregular bones (vertebrae bones)
- Short bones ( carpal and tarsals)
- Flat bones (sternum, ribs, scapular
- Long bones (arms and legs)
- Sesamoid bones (patella)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Made up of cells, protein fibres and minerals. Large cells attach to bone surfaces and use acids and enzymes to decompose bone. Immature bone cells which produce osteoid (organic substance of bone marrow matrix) which mineralise to form bone. Many develop into osteocytes or into living cells, which cover bone surfaces. Mature bone cells that assist in bone and matrix formation. They also aid in maintaining a proper blood calcium balance. And osteon consists of a central canal surrounded by concentric rings of compact bone. Cancellous bone contains red bone marrow- the site of blood cell production. The surface to which muscles and tendons attach. Lines the medullary cavity or the hollow portion of the middle of a long bone: structure: Where the diaphysis meets the epiphysis: bone classification: Are of bone that projects above the surface of the bone. Theses are the attachment points for tendons and ligaments.
