STST1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Sunshine Policy, John Ruggie, Hans Morgenthau
STST1001 NOTES
17/2 LECTURE 1 – The Nature Of Security Studies
What do we mean by ‘security’?
Does our definition of security change from era to era? Would someone
living in Australia have the same understanding of ‘security’ today as they
did during the Cold War?
What are security studies?
What are the differences between security studies and strategic studies?
How are security studies different from military history? International
relations?
What fields would you consider are particularly complementary with
security studies? How do these fields impact security studies?
What are security studies?
Comprises a broad range of traditional and non-traditional challenges
Arose out of cold war
What are strategic studies?
Deals with ‘strategy’, the theory and practice of the use, and the threat of
use, and the threat of use of organized force
Traditionally: security studies are ‘the study of the threat, use and control of
military force’ – Stephen Walt
Security (basic definition): freedom from threats to core values for both
individuals and groups
Main disagreements over definitions of security
Referent object (whose)
Scope of security (security from what)
Approach of security (how to secure)
Asylum seekers by boat: represent that Australian government does not have
control on who enters the country (core values breached – sanctity of borders)
National security
The referent object is the nation state
Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States 1934 (The
treaty discusses the definition and rights of statehood and sovereignty),
oArticle 1; 4 conditions of statehood
A recognized and identifiable population
A defined territory
An organized and effective government
Capacity to enter into relations with other states
UN charter, article 2
oSovereignty; states are sovereign, independent, equal and not
formally subordinate to any higher authority
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Assumptions
oState consists of a single nation
oState performs both internal and external roles
Security orders
Present when ‘a group of states, conscious of certain common interests
and common values…conceive themselves to be bound by a common set
of rules in their relations with one another’ (Hedley Bull)
It ‘implies that interaction among states is not arbitrary but conducted in
a systematic manner on the basis of certain rules’ (Muthiah Algappa)
Rules are important, they…
oMake a predictable and stable environment
oMay be codified or inferred from state practice
oMust be acknowledged and followed
17/2 ASLC ESSAYS AND READINGS
How to do readings
Why am I reading this
What information do I need
Where do I focus my time and energy
What is the focus of the article? Main argument/message?
What issue or aspect of security is being addressed?
1. Skim and overview (read abstract)
2. Select, read and take notes/make summaries at end of each page
3. Categorise
4. What is my opinion
Directly quote, then cite OR rephrase idea in your own words, then cite
Argument (in essay)
Introduction; thesis statement
Background/context
Issue/problem/debate
Argument or position
Signpost key reasons
Body
Topic sentences
oMain idea
oShows how main idea is relevant to argument
Evidence, examples, analysis
Concluding sentence/link
Conclusion
Summary position and key reasons
Implications or ‘so what’
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24/2 LECTURE 2 – Traditional approaches to security
What do we mean by ‘security’?
Does our definition of security change from era to era? Would someone
living in Australia have the same understanding of ‘security’ today as they
did during the Cold War?
What are the differences between security and strategic studies?
What are the defining features of the international order?
Why do realists think that the Asia-Pacific is ‘ripe for rivalry’?
Why do liberals think that the future security order in the South Pacific
will remain peaceful?
What terms are employed to describe the international security order?
Importance of concepts and theories
For scholars
oAnalytical frameworks help us to make sense of the world and
decide which facts matter
oProvides common understandings which allows for
comparisons/conversation
For practitioners
oAllows distinctions between alternative policies
oInfluences the political debate
Basic definition of security:
Main disagreements
The referent object of security
The scope of security
The approach to security
Security order
‘A group of states, conscious of certain common interests and common
values…conceive themselves to be bound by a common set of rules in
their relations with one another’
‘Implies that interaction among states is not arbitrary but conducted in a
systematic manner on the basis of certain rules’
Rules are important
oPredictable environment
oInferred from state practice
oAcknowledged and followed
Positivist traditional approaches to security
Realism
Classical Realism
Structural Realism /Neorealism
Offensive Realism
Defensive Realism
Liberalism
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
17/2 lecture 1 the nature of security studies. Comprises a broad range of traditional and non-traditional challenges. Deals with strategy", the theory and practice of the use, and the threat of use, and the threat of use of organized force. Traditionally: security studies are the study of the threat, use and control of military force" stephen walt. Security (basic definition): freedom from threats to core values for both individuals and groups. Asylum seekers by boat: represent that australian government does not have control on who enters the country (core values breached sanctity of borders) Montevideo convention on the rights and duties of states 1934 (the treaty discusses the definition and rights of statehood and sovereignty): article 1; 4 conditions of statehood. Capacity to enter into relations with other states. Un charter, article 2: sovereignty; states are sovereign, independent, equal and not formally subordinate to any higher authority.
