HLTH1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Antimicrobial Resistance, Methicillin, Acinetobacter
Document Summary
Adult humans contains 1014 cells; only 10% are human, the rest are bacteria. Antibiotic use promotes darwinian selection of resistant bacterial species. Bacteria have efficient mechanisms of genetic transfer to spread resistance. Bacteria double every 20 minutes, humans every 30 years. Development of new antibiotics has slowed resistant microorganisms are increasing. Not a good return on investment for industry. More profit to be made in creating the 30th anti-hypertensive drug than developing an antibiotic. Resistance was due to enzyme breaking antibiotic down. Made a penicillin-ase resistant strain - this is methicillin (and a few others) Bacteria such as kebsiella, acinetobacter, pseudomonas and enterobacter species. Resistance is less, but an increasing proportion of community-acquired infection with staph. aureus are now mrsa. Not just hospital-acquired anymore, there is community acquired cases on the rise too. Respiratory and urinary tract pathogens are also showing increasing resistance. In africa and parts of russia and china a high proportion of tuberculosis patients have.
