PHTY205 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Radial Artery, Atelectasis
Document Summary
Iced normal saline placed directly on heart direct nerve damage. Cardiopulmonary bypass: hypothermia, cardioplegia, grafts venous or arterial. Grafts (left) internal mammary (lima): higher pulmonary complication rates, reduction in lung function. Increased risk of phrenic nerve injury affecting diaphragmatic function: bilateral: potential for poorer sternal healing, affects circulation breast, no special precautions. Radial artery: risk of gapping of incision site, paraesthesia, decreased circulation, consider exercises to facilitate circulation, return of rom and muscle power. Saphenous vein: few restrictions to activity, decreased venous return, some problems with venous pooling, no special precautions. Midcab: no cardiopulmonary bypass, keyhole surgery, 1 or 2 bypasses only, faster recovery, less pain, lower infection rate, fewer complications, needs stabilization system. Valve repair/ replacement: anaesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass , hypothermia, cardioplegia, transcatheter valve implantation, valves, biological (human, animal, mechanical (plastic, metal) Iabp: pacing wires, no evidence for routine post operative physiotherapy. Open vs laparoscopic surgery: open surgery, advantages. More analgesia is required: larascopic surgery, advantages.
