BIOL122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Central Nervous System Depression, Angina Pectoris, Osmosis
Document Summary
Diabetes is an endocrine disorder characterised by defective or deficient insulin. This means that the body is either: unable to produce enough insulin or, unable to use the insulin that it is producing adequately. Thus because diabetes is characterised by the inability of insulin to lower blood glucose levels diabetes is also characterised by hyperglycemia (high glucose levels in the blood). Humans need glucose (sugar) and fat to make atp (energy). Glucose gets into the bloodstream either via the gi tract when we eat or Transporters (called gluts) then transport the glucose from the blood into the cells. Gluts do this by moving from inside the cell to the cell"s plasma membrane. In some kinds of cells gluts do this automatically however . In muscle, fat and liver cells the gluts only do this if insulin binds to receptors first. As the gluts are removing glucose from the blood they make blood glucose levels go down.
