BIOL121 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Vasodilation, Immunoglobulin M, Apoptosis
11 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Foreign to the host: dust mites, cat hair or pollen etc. Microbes parts or products of pathogens. Non-specific (innate: general defence/attack, identifies presence of a pathogen but not a type, present at birth, rapid, local response, first line defence, second line defence. Prevents approach and denies entry of antigen: physical defence, chemical defence, biological defence. Limits spread of antigen if already in tissues: phagocytes, natural killer (nk) cells, inflammation, fever, antimicrobial compounds. Slows the spread of pathogens away from injury. Vasodilation: increased bv diameter, more blood to site of wound/infection, increased permeability, cells, chemicals leave blood into tissues, remove toxic products, dead cells. Phagocyte migration: engulf pathogen and destroy it with lysosomal enzymes, identify pathogen for destruction by other cells, destroy pathogen by releasing toxic chemicals. Repair: cannot occur until injurious agent is removed, phagocytes release fibroblasts to help form scar tissue, **inflammation is essential for healing! Temperature regulator in hypothalamus is reset (above 37. 2 degrees celsius)
