CHEM 1410 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10.1: Oxidation State, Unpaired Electron, Formal Charge

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limesardine98

3 Nov 2016

School

University of Virginia

Department

Chemistry

Course

CHEM 1410

Professor

Lisa Morkowchuk

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Document Summary

Chapter 10 (the shapes of molecules) textbook notes. 10. 1 depicting molecules and ions with lewis structures. Lewis structures shows symbols for atoms, bonded electron pairs as lines, and lone electron pairs as dots. Resonance delocalized electron pair bonding: ex. Each electron is localized between bonded atoms. In resonance hybrid 2 electron pairs delocalized; density spread over few adjacent atoms. Partial bond results in fractional bond orders. Formal charge: selecting the more important resonance structure: formal charge charge an atom has if the bonding electrons are shared equally, formal charge = number of valence electrons (number of unshared valence electrons. + number of shared valence electrons: formal charge must sum the actual charge of species; 0 for a molecule and ionic charge for ion, how to choose more important resonance structure. Smaller formal charges are better than larger ones. Same nonzero formal charge on adjacent atoms not preferred.

Related Questions

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Submit your answer to the following in complete sentences, providing your choice, your evidence, and your reasoning as indicated below.

Which two of the elements listed have the most similar Lewis structures?

A) S and Se

B) Si and P

C) Al and Ge

D) Rb and Ca

Which of the following correctly describes the Lewis structure of the compound formed between Mg and Cl?

A) The one Mg will have a negative charge and eight dots around its symbol, whereas the two Cl symbols will have a positive charge and no dots around the symbol.

B) The one Mg will have a positive two charge and no dots around its symbol, whereas the two Cl symbols will have a negative charge and eight dots around the symbol.

C) The one Mg will have a positive charge and no dots around its symbol, whereas the one Cl will have a negative charge and eight dots around its symbol.

D) The one Mg will have a negative charge and no dots around its symbol, whereas the two Cl symbols will have a positive charge and eight dots around the symbol.

In the Lewis structure for a molecule, one of the nitrogen atoms shares six electrons with a carbon atom and has two electrons that it does not share with any other atom. Which of the following correctly describes this nitrogen atom?

A)three single bonds and one lone pair

B)three single bonds and two lone pairs

C)triple bond and two lone pairs

D) triple bond and one lone pair

Under which of the following circumstances would the molecular geometry be the same as the electron geometry?

A) identical terminal atoms

B) no lone pairs on the central atom

C) presence of multiple bonds on the central atom

D) presence of lone pairs on the central atom

(2 points) Referring to the reading, "The Lewis Structure of Ozone," describe why the two Lewis structures shown are incorrect.

The Lewis representation above depicts a reaction between a halogen (blue) and a main-group element from group ___ (red).

CHEM 1410 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10.1: Oxidation State, Unpaired Electron, Formal Charge

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