ANTH 130 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Shifting Cultivation, Pastoralism, Agribusiness
Document Summary
Ve adaptive strategies (typology: foraging, horticulture, agriculture, pastoralism, industrialism. Horticulture: found in nonindustrial societies, cultivation that makes intensive use of none of the factors of production: land, labor, capital, machinery, slash and burn techniques, shifting cultivation. Pastoralism: herders whose activities focus on such domesticated animals, symbiosis- obligatory interaction between groups. Economy- system of production, distribution, and consumption of resources: economics is the study of such systems. Mode of production- way of organizing production: a set of social relations through which labor is deployed to wrest energy from nature by means of tools, skills, organization and knowledge. Means of production- land, labor, and technology. Spirit possession- phenomenon described as women"s unconscious protest against labor discipline and male control of the industrial setting. Economizing- rational allocation of scarce means to alternative ends. When confronted with choices and decisions, people tend to make the one that maximizes pro t. Subsistence fund- work to eat to replace calories they use in daily activity.
