PSYC 155 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Learned Helplessness, Classical Conditioning, Social Stigma
Document Summary
Multidimensional integrative approach- approach to the study of psychopathology that holds psychological disorders are always the products of multiple interacting factors: addresses biological, psychological (behavioral and social), emotional, and developmental influences. About half of personality and cognitive abilities are attributable to genetics. Genes contribute to all disorders, but account for less than half the explanation. Diathesis-stressor model- hypothesis that both an inherited tendency and specific stressful conditions are required to produce a disorder. Reciprocal gene-environment model- hypothesis that people with a genetic predisposition for a disorder may also have a genetic tendency to create environment risk factors that promote the disorder. Genes and environment play complex role in disorders: genes contribute to behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes and constrain the influence of environmental factors, environment affects which genes are activated and may override genetic predispositions. Gaba- general inhibitory neurotransmitter; has calming effect; reduces anxiety and insomnia, hostility, aggression, spasms, etc.
