CHEM 1127Q Chapter Notes - Chapter 6-7: Covalent Radius, Ionic Radius, Ionization Energy

• School: UConn
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1127Q
• Professor: Joseph De Pasquale

Document Summary

Elements in the vertical groups have similar properties because they have the similar valence shells, principal quantum numbers increases. Metallic character of atoms increases as you move down the group. Properties that vary periodically are radius size of atoms and ions, ionization energies, electron affinities. Covalent radius - half the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms when they are joined by a covalent bond. As you go down an group, quantum number increases, size of atom increases. As you go across a period, size of atom decreases. Effective nuclear charge () - pull exerted on a specific electron by the nucleus, considering electron-electron repulsion. Shielding - determined by probability of another electron being between the electron of interest and the nucleus. As you move across a period, z increases by 1 but shielding only increases slightly. As they are removed, core electrons in smaller shells have greater and are drawn closer to the nucleus.