BIOL 1107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Thyroid, Atomic Nucleus, Atomic Number

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champagnedog48

30 Oct 2018

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Document Summary

Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass. Element: pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through ordinary chemical/physical techniques. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up more than 96% of the weight of organisms. Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium make up the remaining 4% Trace elements: occur in quantities less than 0. 01% but are still essential. Iodine only makes up 0. 0004% of a human"s weight, but an iodine deficiency impairs the function of the thyroid gland. Goiter: condition in which the thyroid gland enlarges alarmingly, caused by prolonged iodine deficiency. Atom: smallest unit that retains the chemical and physical properties of an element. Atomic number: number of protons in the nucleus. Mass number: sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Molecule: atoms combined chemically in fixed numbers and ratios. Formula: chemical shorthand used to name a molecule.

Related Questions

1. (TCO 1) Control subjects in a double-blindtest of a new drug are (Points : 4) informed of what drug they aregetting.
informed of what drug they aregetting but their private physicians are not.
given larger doses of thedrug.
infected with a differentdisease than the experimental subjects.
not given the experimentaldrug but are otherwise treated the same as the experimentalsubjects.

Question 2. 2. (TCO 1) My dog will eat more ofher food when I pour bacon grease over the food before I give it toher. This is an example of a(n) _____. (Points : 4)

observation
hypothesis
experiment
theory
All of the above

Question 3. 3. (TCO 1) Deductive reasoning isused to make _____ based on a hypothesis. (Points : 4)

data
theories
statistical tests
correlations
predictions

Question 4. 4. (TCO 2) Which of the followingstatements about the periodic table is incorrect? (Points : 4)

A period is a horizontal rowon the periodic table.
A group is a column on theperiodic table.
The elements in each periodhave similar chemical properties.
The A groups contain therepresentative elements.
The B groups contain thetransition elements.

Question 5. 5. (TCO 2) How do you find themass number of an atom? (Points : 4)

Add up the number of protons,electrons, and neutrons in the atom.
Add up the number of protonsand neutrons in the atom.
It is equal to the number ofprotons in the atom.
It is equal to the number ofneutrons in the atom.
Find the net electrical chargeof the atom.

Question 6. 6. (TCO 2) An isotope of potassiumhas a mass number of 39. How many neutrons are present in thisisotope? (Points : 4)

19
20
24
44
58

Question 7. 7. (TCO 2) Which particles arefound in the nucleus of an atom? (Points : 4)

Only neutrons
Protons and electrons
Protons and neutrons
Only electrons
Only protons