BCM 475 Chapter Notes - Chapter 22: Propionyl-Coa, Acyl Coa Dehydrogenase, Methylmalonyl-Coa
Document Summary
2 additional enzymes needed: isomerase and reductase (can reduce any polyunsaturated fatty acid) Oxidation of palmitoleate palmitoleoyl coa 3 cycles of degradation forms cis- 3-enoyl coa. Not a substrate for acyl coa dehydrogenase substrate: has a double bond at c3 and c4. Instead of c2 and c3 cis- 3-enoyl coa isomerase: converts (c3-4) double bond into trans- 3-enoyl coa (c2: converts cis double bond into trans. Trans = a normal substrate for -oxidation: cis trans conversion bypasses the 1st oxidation step. Monounsaturated fatty acids yield less atp than saturated fatty acids: not fully reduced, produce less energy. But, still important in diet for other reasons and still makes a lot of energy! Polyunsaturated example: 2,4-dienoyl coa reductase: uses nadph to reduce 2,4-dienoyl intermediate trans- 3- enoyl coa, cis- 3-enoyl coa isomerase: converts trans- 3-enoyl coa trans- 2-enoyl coa (intermediate in the beta-oxidation path) Propionyl coa succinyl coa activated 3-c unit enters cac.
