COMM 103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Nonverbal Communication, Emoji, Proxemics
Chapter 5
Communicating Nonverbally
What is Nonverbal Communication?
Nonverbal communication
Behaviors and characteristics that convey meaning without the use
of words
○
•
Six Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication is present in most communication
contexts
Emoticons
Textual representations of facial expressions often used
in email messages
□
§
Emoji
Cartoon depictions of faces and other objects that first
became popular on Japanese cell phone services
□
§
○
Nonverbal communication often conveys more information than
verbal communication
Nonverbal channels
Behavioral forms of expression
□
§
○
Nonverbal communication is usually believed over verbal
communication
Deception
The act of leading someone to believe something one
knows to be untrue
□
§
○
Nonverbal communication is the primary means of expressing
emotion
○
Nonverbal communication metacommunicates
○
Nonverbal communication serves multiple functions
Helps us manage conversations
§
Helps us maintain relationships
Immediacy behaviors
Nonverbal signs of affection and affiliation
®
□
§
Helps us form impressions
§
Helps us influence other people
§
Helps us conceal information
§
○
•
Ten Channels of Nonverbal Communication
Facial displays
Facial expressions
○
The face communicates more information that any other channel of
nonverbal behavior
○
Symmetry
The similarity between the left and right sides of your face
§
○
Proportionality
Refers to the relative size of your facial features
§
○
•
Eye behaviors
Oculesics
Study of eye behavior
§
○
•
Movement and Gestures
Kinesics
Study of movement
§
○
Gesticulation
The use of arm and hand movements to communicate
§
○
Emblems
Any gestures that have a direct verbal translation
§
○
Illustrators
Gestures that go along with a verbal message to clarify it
§
○
Affect displays
Gestures that communicate emotion
§
○
Regulators
Gestures that control the flow of conversation
§
○
Adaptors
Gestures you use to satisfy some personal need
§
○
•
Touch behaviors
Haptics
Study of how we use touch to communicate
§
○
Affectionate touch
Behaviors such as hugging, kissing, and handholding
communicate love, intimacy, commitment, and safety, and are
commmonplace in many romantic relationships, parent-child
relationships, and friendships
§
Important because it contributes to our physical and mental
well-being
§
○
Caregiving touch
Receive touch from others while receiving some form of care
or service
§
○
Power and control touch
Used to exert power over people's behaviors
§
○
Aggressive touch
Behaviors done to inflict physical harm
§
○
Ritualistic
We do them as part of a custom or tradition
§
○
•
Vocal behaviors
Vocalics
Characteristics of the voice
§
○
Paralanguage
"beside language"
§
Indicates they go along with the words we speak to convey
meaning
§
○
Pitch
An index of how high or deep your voice sounds
§
○
Inflection
Variation in pitch
§
○
Volume
An index of how loud or quiet your voice is
§
○
Rate
How fast or slowly you speak
§
○
Filler words
Nonword sounds that people often use to fill the silence
during pauses
§
○
Pronunciation
How correctly you combine vowel an consonant sounds to say
a word
§
○
Articulation
Describes how clearly you speak
§
○
Accent
A pattern of pronouncing vowel and consonant sounds that is
representative of a particular language or geographic area
§
○
Silence
Absence of sound
§
○
•
The Use of Smell
Olfactics
Sense of smell
§
Operates subtly but powerfully to influence your reactions to
other people
§
○
•
The Use of Space
Proxemics
The scientific study of spatial use
§
Tells us that we each have a preferred amount of personal
space that we carry like an invisible bubble around us
§
○
Intimate distance
Ranges from 0 to approx. 1 1/2 feet
§
○
Personal distance
Ranges from 1 1/2 to about 4 feet
§
○
Social distance
Ranges from about 4 to 12 feet
§
○
Public distance
Ranges from about 12 to 25 feet or greater
§
○
•
Physical Appearance
Halo effect
When a person looks good, most of us subconsciously assume
he or she is good
§
○
•
The Use of Time
Chronemics
The way we use time
§
○
•
The Use of Artifacts
Artifacts
Objects and visual features within an environment that reflect
who we are and what we like
§
○
•
For Review
How do people communicate nonverbally?
Nonverbal communication comprises those behaviors and
characteristics that convey meaning without the use of words.
People communicate nonverbally via several channels, including
facial displays, eye behaviors, movement and gestures, touch, vocal
behaviors, smell, use of space, physical appearance, use of time,
and use of artifacts.
○
•
How do culture and sex influence nonverbal behavior?
Culture and sex affect multiple nonverbal communication
behaviors, including gestures, personal distance and touch, eye
contact, time orientation, vocalics, and emotional expression.
○
•
In what ways can you improve your nonverbal communication skills?
You can improve your nonverbal communication skills by being
sensitive to the nonverbal messages you encounter, learning to
decipher their meanings accurately, and practicing your nonverbal
expressiveness.
○
•
Chapter 5 Notes
Thursday, April 19, 2018
9:35 AM
Chapter 5
Communicating Nonverbally
What is Nonverbal Communication?
Nonverbal communication
Behaviors and characteristics that convey meaning without the use
of words
○
•
Six Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication is present in most communication
contexts
Emoticons
Textual representations of facial expressions often used
in email messages
□
§
Emoji
Cartoon depictions of faces and other objects that first
became popular on Japanese cell phone services
□
§
○
Nonverbal communication often conveys more information than
verbal communication
Nonverbal channels
Behavioral forms of expression□
§
○
Nonverbal communication is usually believed over verbal
communication
Deception
The act of leading someone to believe something one
knows to be untrue
□
§
○
Nonverbal communication is the primary means of expressing
emotion
○
Nonverbal communication metacommunicates
○
Nonverbal communication serves multiple functions
Helps us manage conversations
§
Helps us maintain relationships
Immediacy behaviors
Nonverbal signs of affection and affiliation
®
□
§
Helps us form impressions
§
Helps us influence other people
§
Helps us conceal information
§
○
•
Ten Channels of Nonverbal Communication
Facial displays
Facial expressions
○
The face communicates more information that any other channel of
nonverbal behavior
○
Symmetry
The similarity between the left and right sides of your face
§
○
Proportionality
Refers to the relative size of your facial features
§
○
•
Eye behaviors
Oculesics
Study of eye behavior
§
○
•
Movement and Gestures
Kinesics
Study of movement
§
○
Gesticulation
The use of arm and hand movements to communicate
§
○
Emblems
Any gestures that have a direct verbal translation
§
○
Illustrators
Gestures that go along with a verbal message to clarify it
§
○
Affect displays
Gestures that communicate emotion
§
○
Regulators
Gestures that control the flow of conversation
§
○
Adaptors
Gestures you use to satisfy some personal need
§
○
•
Touch behaviors
Haptics
Study of how we use touch to communicate
§
○
Affectionate touch
Behaviors such as hugging, kissing, and handholding
communicate love, intimacy, commitment, and safety, and are
commmonplace in many romantic relationships, parent-child
relationships, and friendships
§
Important because it contributes to our physical and mental
well-being
§
○
Caregiving touch
Receive touch from others while receiving some form of care
or service
§
○
Power and control touch
Used to exert power over people's behaviors
§
○
Aggressive touch
Behaviors done to inflict physical harm
§
○
Ritualistic
We do them as part of a custom or tradition
§
○
•
Vocal behaviors
Vocalics
Characteristics of the voice
§
○
Paralanguage
"beside language"
§
Indicates they go along with the words we speak to convey
meaning
§
○
Pitch
An index of how high or deep your voice sounds
§
○
Inflection
Variation in pitch
§
○
Volume
An index of how loud or quiet your voice is
§
○
Rate
How fast or slowly you speak
§
○
Filler words
Nonword sounds that people often use to fill the silence
during pauses
§
○
Pronunciation
How correctly you combine vowel an consonant sounds to say
a word
§
○
Articulation
Describes how clearly you speak
§
○
Accent
A pattern of pronouncing vowel and consonant sounds that is
representative of a particular language or geographic area
§
○
Silence
Absence of sound
§
○
•
The Use of Smell
Olfactics
Sense of smell
§
Operates subtly but powerfully to influence your reactions to
other people
§
○
•
The Use of Space
Proxemics
The scientific study of spatial use
§
Tells us that we each have a preferred amount of personal
space that we carry like an invisible bubble around us
§
○
Intimate distance
Ranges from 0 to approx. 1 1/2 feet
§
○
Personal distance
Ranges from 1 1/2 to about 4 feet
§
○
Social distance
Ranges from about 4 to 12 feet
§
○
Public distance
Ranges from about 12 to 25 feet or greater
§
○
•
Physical Appearance
Halo effect
When a person looks good, most of us subconsciously assume
he or she is good
§
○
•
The Use of Time
Chronemics
The way we use time
§
○
•
The Use of Artifacts
Artifacts
Objects and visual features within an environment that reflect
who we are and what we like
§
○
•
For Review
How do people communicate nonverbally?
Nonverbal communication comprises those behaviors and
characteristics that convey meaning without the use of words.
People communicate nonverbally via several channels, including
facial displays, eye behaviors, movement and gestures, touch, vocal
behaviors, smell, use of space, physical appearance, use of time,
and use of artifacts.
○
•
How do culture and sex influence nonverbal behavior?
Culture and sex affect multiple nonverbal communication
behaviors, including gestures, personal distance and touch, eye
contact, time orientation, vocalics, and emotional expression.
○
•
In what ways can you improve your nonverbal communication skills?
You can improve your nonverbal communication skills by being
sensitive to the nonverbal messages you encounter, learning to
decipher their meanings accurately, and practicing your nonverbal
expressiveness.
○
•
Chapter 5 Notes
Thursday, April 19, 2018 9:35 AM
Document Summary
Behaviors and characteristics that convey meaning without the use of words. Nonverbal communication is present in most communication contexts. Textual representations of facial expressions often used in email messages. Cartoon depictions of faces and other objects that first became popular on japanese cell phone services. Nonverbal communication often conveys more information than verbal communication. Nonverbal communication is usually believed over verbal communication. The act of leading someone to believe something one knows to be untrue. Nonverbal communication is the primary means of expressing emotion. The face communicates more information that any other channel of nonverbal behavior. The similarity between the left and right sides of your face. Refers to the relative size of your facial features. The use of arm and hand movements to communicate. Any gestures that have a direct verbal translation. Gestures that go along with a verbal message to clarify it. Gestures you use to satisfy some personal need. Study of how we use touch to communicate.
