CHEM 1211 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Miscibility, Atmospheric Pressure, Electronegativity
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9 Nov 2017
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Importance of shape: shape determines strength of london dispersion forces, constitutional (structural) isomers, same molecular formula, but different connections between the atoms in their molecules, have different physical and chemical properties despite their shared molecular formula. In general, the ones with more branching in their structures have lower boiling points: viscosity, measure of resistance to flow, stronger intermolecular forces mean molecules do not slip past one. Increases with increasing molecular size another easily: measured using zahn cup, where metal cup with hole at bottom is filled with liquid and time for liquid to drain out is measured. Increasing strength: water is (cid:374)ature"s sol(cid:448)e(cid:374)t, polar covalent and ionic solids dissolve in it. Ion-dipole interactions: attractive forces between ions and molecules, strong, spheres of hydration, a cluster of water molecules surround an ion which removes it from its neighbors, the smaller the ion, the greater the hydration.
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