ACCT20200 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Classical Conditioning, Habituation, Operant Conditioning
Document Summary
Chapters 3 and 4: physical development in infancy and toddlerhood. Learning capacities: learning = changes in behavior as a result of experience, classical conditioning: neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that leads to reflexive response. Once (cid:271)a(cid:271)y"s (cid:374)er(cid:448)ous syste(cid:373) (cid:373)akes (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:374)e(cid:272)tio(cid:374) (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) 2 sti(cid:373)uli, neutral stimulus produces behavior by itself. Helps infants to anticipate what is going to happen next helps environment to become orderly and predictable. Example: as nurse sat down to nurse child, she stroked (cid:272)hild"s forehead. Soon, nurse noticed that every time she did this, infant made sucking movement. Conditioned stimulus= stroking forehead outside of situation leads to conditioned response= sucking. Occurs easily when association between stimuli has survival value: operant conditioning: infants act, or operate, on environment, and stimuli that follow behavior change probability that behavior will occur again. Reinforcer: a stimulus that increases occurrence of a response sweet tasting milk. Presenting desirable stimuli and removing unpleasant ones.
