ECON 2000 Chapter : Chapter 1 Econ Notes For First Lecture

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azuremammoth471

15 Mar 2019

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Trade-off- the idea that because of scarcity, producing more of one good or service means producing less of another good or service. Opportunity cost- the highest-valued alternative that must be given up to engage in an activity. Trade-offs force society to make choices particularly when answering the following three fundamental questions- How will the goods and services be produced. Scarcity exists because individuals want more than can be produced. Scarcity-the goods available are too few to satisfy individuals" desires. Economicss, the science of scarcity- the science of how individuals and societies deal with the fact that wants are greater than the limited resources available to satisfy those wants. Represents the possible combinations of two goods that can ve produced in a certain period of time under the conditions of a given state of technology and fully employed resources. There is a limit to what you can ahieve, given the existing institutions, resources, and technology.

Related Questions

1. A consequence of the economic problem of scarcity is that:

a. Choices have to be made about how resources are used.

b. There is never too much of any good or service produced.

c. The production of goods and services must be controlled by the government.

d. The production-possibilities curve is bowed outward.

2. Microeconomics is concerned with issues such as:

a. The level of inflation in the economy

b. The demand for bottled water by individuals.

c. Maintaining a strong level of economic growth.

d. All of the choices.

3. In economics, scarcity means that:

a. A shortage of a particular good will cause the price to fall

b. A production possibilities curve cannot accurately represent the tradeoff between two goods.

c. Society's desires exceed the want-satisfying capability of the resources available to satisfy those desires.

d. The market mechanism has failed

4. A city's decision to limit smoking in public areas is an example of

a. The invisible hand at work.

b. The market mechanism at work.

c. Market failure.

d. Government intervention

brownsea-lion330

A bowed out PPF reflects which of the following ideas?

i.increasing opportunity cost

ii. resources are not equally productive in all activities

iii. prices of goods increase over time

		I only
		I and iii
		ii and iii
		I and ii

1 point

QUESTION 2

With no international trade, a country ________ consume at a point outside of its PPF; with international trade, a country ________ consume at a point outside of its PPF.

		can; cannot
		cannot; can
		cannot; cannot
		can; can

1 point

QUESTION 3

If the production possibilities frontier between two goods is a straight line, then the

		the line does not qualify as a production possibilities frontier because the unattainable production points are too close to the inefficient production points.
		opportunity cost is not a ratio.
		increasing opportunity costs.
		resources are equally productive in both goods.

1 point

QUESTION 4

As an economy produces more of one of the goods on a bowed out production possibilities frontier, what happens to the opportunity cost of producing the good?

		It might increase, decrease, or remain constant depending on how much people value the additional units of the good.
		It decreases.
		It increases.
		It remains constant.

1 point

QUESTION 5

"Comparative advantage" is defined as a situation in which one person can produce

		more of a good than another person.
		a good for a lower dollar cost than another person.
		a good for a lower opportunity cost than another person.
		more of all goods than another person.

1 point

QUESTION 6

When a production possibilities frontier is bowed outward, as more of one good is produced, its opportunity cost

		increases.
		decreases.
		might increase, decrease, or remain constant depending on how much people value the additional units of the good.
		remains constant.

1 point

QUESTION 7

A bowed out production possibility frontier shows that the

		opportunity cost relationship is linear.
		the opportunity cost of a good is constant as more of the good is produced.
		the opportunity cost of a good increase as more of the good is produced.
		the opportunity cost of a good decrease as more of the good is produced.

1 point

QUESTION 8

Which of the following statements is correct?

		The production possibilities frontier shows that there are no limits to production.
		Any point on or within the PPF is production efficient.
		If capital is idle, the economy is producing at its full potential.
		A tradeoff is a limit that forces an exchange or a substitution of one thing for something else.

1 point

QUESTION 9

A major earthquake occurs in the central part of the United States. What impact would this have on the nation's production possibilities frontier and why?

		A tradeoff would occur to replace the resources and goods destroyed.
		It would shift inward because some of the nation's resources, such as capital and labor, would be destroyed.
		It would shift outward because unemployment would be reduced.
		Nothing would happen because the nation would still have the same capabilities.

1 point

QUESTION 10

When a nation is producing on its production possibilities frontier, if more resources are used to produce one good, then the production of other goods

		must increase.
		must decrease.
		must remain the same.
		must change but they might increase or decrease.

1 point

QUESTION 11

Moving along a country's PPF, a reasonable opportunity costs increase is that

		unemployment increases as a country produce more and more of one good.
		unemployment decreases as a country produces more and more of one good.
		some resources are better suited for producing one good rather than the other.
		technology declines as a country produce more and more of one good.

1 point

QUESTION 12

A reason the production possibilities frontier exists is

		scarcity of resources and unlimited technology.
		unemployment.
		scarcity of resources.
		unlimited resources and technology.

1 point

QUESTION 13

Moving from one point to another on a production possibilities frontier implies

		increasing the production of one good and decreasing the production of another.
		increasing the production of both goods.
		decreasing the production of both goods.
		holding the production levels of both goods constant.

1 point

QUESTION 14

Specialization and trade make a country better off because with trade the country can consume at a point

		outside its production possibilities frontier.
		on its trading partner's production possibilities frontier.
		inside its production possibilities frontier.
		on its production possibilities frontier.

1 point

QUESTION 15

The production possibilities frontier is the

		the boundary between the combinations of goods and services that can be produced and the combinations that cannot be produced when technology is changing.
		the minimum output that can be produced when resources are used inefficiently.
		the boundary between the combinations of goods and services that can be produced and the combinations that cannot be produced, given the available factors of production and the state of technology.
		maximum output that can be produced at an opportunity cost of zero.

1 point

QUESTION 16

The opportunity cost of economic growth is ________ and the benefit of economic growth is ________.

		decreased current consumption; decreased future consumption
		decreased current consumption; increased future consumption
		increased current consumption; increased future consumption
		increased current consumption; decreased future consumption

1 point

QUESTION 17

In terms of a nation's production possibilities frontier, what impact does international trade have?

		International trade shifts the nation's production possibilities frontier outward.
		International trade shifts the production possibilities frontier outward for the goods that are exported and inward for the goods that are imported.
		International trade shifts the nation's production possibilities frontier inward.
		International trade allows the nation to consume at a point outside its production possibilities frontier.

1 point

QUESTION 18

The production possibilities frontier illustrates the

		goods and services that people want.
		limits to people's wants.
		resources the economy possesses, but not it is the level of technology.
		maximum combinations of goods and services that can be produced.

1 point

QUESTION 19

As we move along the production possibilities frontier,

		the possibilities of tradeoffs diminish.
		the production of one good increases as the production of the other good decreases.
		more of both goods can be produced.
		a tradeoff is not possible because nations need all goods.

1 point

QUESTION 20

What is the opportunity cost of economic growth?

		Eliminate scarcity
		Land.
		Capital goods.
		Consumption of goods.

1 point

QUESTION 21

Which of the following statements is correct?

i.As the economy grows, the opportunity costs of economic growth decrease.

ii. Economic growth has no opportunity cost.

iii. The opportunity cost of economic growth is current consumption forgone.

		ii only
		iii only
		I only
		I and iii

1 point

QUESTION 22

Does economic growth depend upon which of the following?

i. Increasing the quantity of labor.

ii. Lowering the prices of goods and services.

iii. Advancing technology.

		ii only.
		I only.
		I and iii.
		iii only.

1 point

QUESTION 23

When drawing a production possibilities frontier, which of the following is held constant?

		the amount of money in the economy
		the prices of goods and services
		the quantity of the goods and services that are produced
		the available factors of production and the state of technology

1 point

QUESTION 24

To increase its economic growth, a nation should

		encourage spending on goods and services.
		increase in current consumption.
		encourage education because that increases the quality of labor.
		limit the number of people in college because they produce nothing.

1 point

QUESTION 25

The opportunity cost of one more slice of pizza in terms of sodas is the

		some pizza slices we have to give up to get one extra soda.
		the total number of sodas that we have divided by the total number of pizza slices that we have.
		the total number of pizza slices that we have divided by the total number of sodas that we have.
		the number of sodas we have to give up to get one extra pizza slice.

jadecrow966

Answer the following questions. True or False
1. Withdrawals include investment, government expenditures, and exports.
2. If the price in a market is increased below that at the midpoint along the demand curve, total revenue to the firm will decrease.
3. Decisions made by individuals as to what and how much of each other productive resources to supply and of what goods and services to buy is more characteristic of a market economy than a command economy such as the former Soviet Union's Communist economy.
4. The study of recessions and inflation is considered to be a topic in microeconomics rather than macroeconomics.
5. In a supply and demand graph for a market, the vertical axis or Y axis measures the price and the horizontal or x-axis measures the quantity demanded or supplied.
6. Withdrawals or leakages in the circular flow of economic activity include investment, government purchases of goods and services, and exports.
7. The law of demand results in nearly all demand curve graphically sloping downward into the right.
8. If a price of a good is $10 per unit and that causes the market for the good to have a surplus, scarcity does not exist in that market.
9. A point inside the production possibility curve / Frontier (closer to the origin) represents the efficient use of a country's productive resources.
10. So long as there is some opportunity costs associated with obtaining a good or service, no matter the price, scarcity is present.

whitebutterfly93

ECON 2000 Chapter : Chapter 1 Econ Notes For First Lecture

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