CHEM 1202 Chapter : 5 19thermochemistry
Document Summary
System portion of the universe we are considering. Spontaneous at low non-spontaneous at temperatures all temperatures. = 273 + !) (assume ! = 0 or when !! Remember: ! is 2nd function natural log (ln) on calculator and work inside out. Open system energy and matter can transfer. Heat capacity amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a certain amount of material by 1 c or 1 k. Calorie amount of heat required to raise the temperature of. ! > 0 or (+) heat is absorbed endothermic) ! < 0 or (-) heat is released (exothermic) ! > 0 or (+) entropy increasing ( becoming disordered) ! < 0 or (-) entropy decreasing ( becoming ordered) First law of thermodynamics: the total amount of energy (and mass) in the universe is constant. That is, in any process energy can be changed from one form to another; but, it can never be created nor destroyed.
