BIOL 1002 Chapter : Backup Of Chapter 36
Document Summary
Dry, dead cells at the surface: innate immune response - non-specific internal defenses to combat all invading microbes, adaptive immune response - immune response directed against specific. The body has three lines of defense against microbial attack: (see fig. External barriers are the first line of defense and are represented by the skin and mucous membranes. The intact skin is a physical barrier to microbial entry and an inhospitable environment for microbial growth. The mucous membranes of the respiratory and digestive tracts are well defended. The mucus secretions have antibacterial enzymes like lysozyme. In addition, mucus physically traps microbes entering through nose or mouth. (see fig. Membrane cilia sweep up mucus and microbes and they are coughed or sneezed out of the body. If microbes are swallowed, stomach acid and protein-digesting enzymes destroy them. The innate immune response nonspecific internal defenses attack a wide variety of microbes.
