BIOL 1001 Chapter : Biology Worksheet Chapter 2
Document Summary
Elements and compounds mass of protons plus neutrons number of neutrons subatomic particle in the nucleus. Atomic number the outside of the nucleus; negative charge charge; determines number of protons in an atom. The absorption of some form of energy or heat. Ionic, covalent (polar and nonpolar), hydrogen: this type of bond is the most stable, and is therefore most commonly found in biological systems. (shared electrons) Covalent: how do electrons interact, two types: polar and nonpolar, example: polar two different types of atoms (hydrogen and water) Nonpolar two similar types of atoms combine: this type of bond easily disassociates in water. Ionic: how do electrons interact: sodium (11 electrons) and chlorine (17 electrons) transferred electrons. Sodium is now a cation and chlorine is an anion: cation - positive, anion - negative, example: salt example, this type of bond is very weak; however, in great numbers these bonds can be strong.
