NRS 220 Chapter Notes - Chapter 31: Pancreatic Islets, Postprandial, Beta Cell
1 Feb 2019
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Insulin: key hormone that turns glucose into glycogen, which can be stored in the muscles. Secreted by beta cells in islets in langerhans of pancreas. Beta cells: secrete insulin glucose from blood > cells. Alpha cells: secretes glucagon glucagon stimulates liver to release stored glucose. Eating: insulin secretion increases moves glucose from blood into muscle, liver, fat cells. Liver = glucose control stores glucose as glycogen > as blood sugar drops, liver produces glucose through breakdown of glycogen. (glycogenolysis) Fasting period: pancreas continuously releases small amount of basal insulin. Pancreas continues to release small amount of basal insulin overnight while sleeping pancreatic hormone glucagon: will stimulate liver to release stored glucose glycogen = storage of glucose in the liver. Controlled breakdown of glycogen into glucose = increases amount of glucose available in-between meals (post-prandial) Diabetes: group of metabolic disorders: hyperglycemia abnormal insulin metabolism.
