SPEA-J - Public And Environmental Affairs SPEA-J 202 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Statistical Conclusion Validity, Nomothetic, Fallacy
25 Aug 2016
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Causation is the focus of explanatory research. Criteria for causality: 2 variables must be empirically correlated, the cause must occur before the effect, the empirical correlation b/w cause & effect is not due to some other factor. A necessary cause is a condition that must be present for someone to be charged w/ a criminal offense before a person can be convicted. A sufficient cause is a condition that more or less verifies the effect in question. (ex) pleading guilty to some crime is a sufficient cause for being convicted. Refers to our ability to determine whether a change in the suspected cause is statistically associated w. a change in the suspected effect. Responds to the 1st criteria for causality. Challenge casual statement about the observed covariation. An observed association b/w 2 variables have iv if the relationship is casual & not due to the effect of another variable.
