Government 1093 Chapter Notes - Chapter Kaplan: Jaywalking, Novelty Item
26 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Ethical(Dilemma(on(Four(Wheels:(How(to(Decide(When(Your(Self-Driving(Car(Should(
Kill(You
Replacing*the*250*million*vehicles*on*U.S.*roads*today
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Navigating*when*pre-programmed*maps*are*out*of*date
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How*to*visualize*the*lane*dividers*on*a*street*that's*covered*with*snow
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Is*it*better*to*mow*down*a*group*of*pedestrians*or*spare*their*lives*by*
steering*off*the*road,*killing*all*passengers*onboard
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Will*self-driving*cars*become*a*novelty*item*for*the*adventurous*few*or*
gain*widespread*acceptance*among*the*general*public?
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Possible*issues
•
34,000*people*die*in*car*crashes*in*the*US*/*year
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Another*3.9*million*are*injured*and*sent*to*the*hospital*
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93%*of*traffic*accidents*can*be*blamed*on*human*error
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If*humans*were*taken*out*of*the*equation,*the*savings*from*averted*
crashes*would*add*up*to*about*$190*billion*/*year
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Car*Crashes*in*the*US
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3/4*of*respondents*agreed*that*it*was*the*moral*decision
§
1*pedestrian*=*only*23%*of*respondents*thought*the*car*
should*crash
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The*fewer*the*pedestrians*the*weaker*the*consensus*that*the*car*
should*sacrifice*its*passenger
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With*children*or*relatives*in*the*car,*respondents*willingness*to*
swerve*away*from*innocent*pedestrians*faltered
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54-66%*thought*the*car*should*do*what*it*takes*to*save*as*many*
lives*as*possible
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Would*a*self*driving*car*with*a*single*passenger*crash*itself*into*a*wall*to*a*
wall*to*avoid*hitting*a*group*of*10*pedestrians?
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Tests
•
"Utilitarian" set*of*rules*to*maximized*lives*saved*(minimize(deaths)
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Except ultimately*people*want*their*cars*to*protect*them*at*all*costs
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50%*would*buy*a*self*driving*car*that*placed*the*highest*value*on*
passenger*protection
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Only*19%*would*purchase*a*model*that*intended*to*save*the*most*lives
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Majority*of*respondents*were*also*against*laws*requiring*self-driving*cars*
to*act*in*a*utilitarian*manner
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Result*of*tests
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What*if*the*pedestrians*were*children*or*elderly*persons?
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What*if*they*were*jaywalking?
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What*if*the*person*in*the*car*was*a*surgeon*in*a*hurry*to*perform*surgery?
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"feels*like*person*betrayal"*if*one's*car*was*to*kill*its*driver
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In*the*future,*self*driving*vehicles*might*have*the*same*emotional*
resonance*as*individual*subway*cars
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Issues•
People*might*prefer*systems*that*maximize*overall*safety
§
Implications*could*result*in*a*self*driving*car*that*might*decide*to*kill*
you*even*if*you*do*everything*right
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Our*thinking*has*shifted*from*personal*vehicles*to*transportation*systems
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Reasons•
Week$11$(Kaplan)
Wednesday,* November* 16,*2016
3:47*PM
Document Summary
Ethical dilemma on four wheels: how to decide when your self-driving car should. Replacing the 250 million vehicles on u. s. roads today. Navigating when pre-programmed maps are out of date. How to visualize the lane dividers on a street that"s covered with snow. Is it better to mow down a group of pedestrians or spare their lives by steering off the road, killing all passengers onboard. 34,000 people die in car crashes in the us / year. Another 3. 9 million are injured and sent to the hospital. 93% of traffic accidents can be blamed on human error. If humans were taken out of the equation, the savings from averted crashes would add up to about billion / year. 3/4 of respondents agreed that it was the moral decision. The fewer the pedestrians the weaker the consensus that the car should sacrifice its passenger. 1 pedestrian = only 23% of respondents thought the car should crash.
