BSC 1010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Protein Kinase A, Adenylyl Cyclase, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate
28 Aug 2020
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Document Summary
G protein-coupled receptors act via hydrolysis of gtp. G protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) constitute the single largest superfamily of proteins encoded by animal genomes (1000s). Gpcrs have seven -helical transmembrane segments and interact with g proteins. Phosphorylation of amino acids in the cytosolic domain: carried out by g protein linked receptor kinases (grks), which act on activated receptors. Induces binding of -arrestin inhibition & endocytosis. The structure, activation, and inactivation of g proteins. Signal transduction through gpcrs is mediated by heterotrimeric g proteins: have g , g , and g subunits, gs = stimulators of signal transduction, gi = inhibitors of signal transduction. Termination of the response is accelerated by regulators of g protein signaling (rgs: activates gtpase activity of g (like gaps) G also has signaling functions and can couple to different effectors, including: g protein receptor kinases, k+ and ca2+ ion channels, scaffolding proteins. Cyclic amp is a second messenger whose production is regulated by some g proteins.
