NBB 302 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11.3: Neuroeconomics, Mesolimbic Pathway, Operant Conditioning
22 Apr 2018
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Autism as a window on the role of mental state attribution. Infants -- s(cid:373)all head (cid:272)ir(cid:272)u(cid:373)fere(cid:374)(cid:272)e at (cid:271)irth a(cid:271)rupt i(cid:374)flatio(cid:374) of head i(cid:374) first year. Reduced volume of f, sts, amygdala, cerebellum, hippocampus. Hyperconnectivity in f; decreased long-range connectivity with other regions. Abnormal fxn in mpfc, amyg, ffa, sts, ant insula, tpj. False-belief tasks - (cid:272)halle(cid:374)gi(cid:374)g; do(cid:374)"t pay atte(cid:374)tio(cid:374) to eye gaze. Mentalizing task: activate mpfc, pcc, tpj rtpj - atypical: nonautistic = more responsive to thinking about thoughts than physical judgements, autistic = less responsive; specialization absent. Autistic: autonomic arousal correlated with amt of sclera, open eyes -- neither avoidance/approach responses. Normal: wide open - avoidance; open - approach. Autistic kids fail to recog * of eye gaze. Mpfc does not decrease during non-self referential tasks ---> always off; absence of resting activity. Adept at visuospatial and other nonsocial domains (music, drawing, puzzles, math, calendrical calc) Automatic mimicking difficult (lack of yawn contagion, difficult imitating nonmeaningful/novel actions)
