PSYC 3230 Chapter Notes - Chapter 14: World Health Organization, Spina Bifida, Intellectual Disability

• School: York University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 3230
• Professor: James E Alcock

Document Summary

For centuries, people with developmental disabilities were regarded as subhuman, a menace, or an object of dread. People with developmental disabilities may be given lower priority for medical and surgical intervention. Some people support euthanasia in cases of severe disability. Between 1870 and 1890, attitudes shifted toward viewing people with disabilities as objects of pit(cid:455), (cid:271)u(cid:396)de(cid:374)s of (cid:272)ha(cid:396)it(cid:455), a(cid:374)d (cid:862)hol(cid:455) i(cid:374)(cid:374)o(cid:272)e(cid:374)ts. (cid:863) as(cid:455)lu(cid:373)s (cid:449)e(cid:396)e (cid:271)uilt to p(cid:396)ote(cid:272)t the(cid:373). In the later nineteenth and twentieth century, people with disabilities came to be viewed as a threat to the moral and intellectual fibre of society: the eugenics movement called for sterilization, the restriction of marriages, and institutionalization. In 1968, the international league of societies for the mentally handicapped adopted the developmental model to guide educational programming. The medical model was replaced by the philosophy of normalization. From the 1960s to the present, deinstitutionalization, educational mainstreaming, and community-based service delivery have been major goals.