PSYC 2110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Disinhibition, Reinforcement, Prenatal Development
17 Dec 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Social role: set of cultural guidelines for how a person should behave. Gender roles: culturally prescribed roles considered appropriate for males and females. Gender stereotypes: beliefs on how males and females differ in personality traits, interests and behaviours. Instrumental traits: personality characteristics that reflect active involvement with and influence over the environment. Expressive traits: personality characteristics that reflect emotional functioning and focus on interpersonal relations. Instrumental and expressive traits are not stereotypically associated with these genders worldwide. Preschool children see gender stereotypes as guidelines for behaviour that are binding for all boys and girls. The perception of oneself as either male or female. The socializing influences of people and the media. Albert bandura: children learn gender roles through reinforcement and observational learning. Parents and others shape appropriate gender roles in children. Fathers are more likely to treat sons and daughters differently and encourage gender-based play. Push their sons towards independence and accept dependence in their daughters.
