BI110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 18: Cholesterol, Cotransporter, Dynamic Equilibrium

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scarletseal808

5 Mar 2018

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Hypertonic solution: animals, cell shrivel, plant, cell shrivel, plasma membrane detaches from cell wall in process called plasmolysis. Isotonic solution: osmotic movement of water in and out of cell is balance, animal. Hypotonic solution: animal, swell and burst, plant, expand within cell wall, become turgid. Internal hydrostatic pressure stops flow of water into plant cells. Facilitated by integral membrane proteins--> transport proteins: passive, diffuse down concentration gradients, through channel or carrier proteins, diffusion mediated by transport proteins. Facilitated diffusion- membrane transport in which a substance moves across a cell membrane from high to low concentration through channel protein. Secondary active transport- pump is used to generate electrochemical gradient of one substance across a membrane, gradient is then used in turn to co transport a second substance against its concentration gradient. Sodium potassium pump- antiporter transport protein present in animal cells, maintains low sodium high potassium ion concentration, involved in signal transduction in organism.

Related Questions

1. predict the direction of water movement based on differences in solute concentrations. Use the terms osmotic pressure, hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic
2. Why do membranes have to be selectively permeable?

3. What determines whether a particular substance can diffuse (simple or facilitated) through a membrane?

4. What mechanisms drive molecules across membranes? Use the terms concentration gradient, (facilitated) diffusion and active transport.
5. Which parts of the plasma membrane proteins do you expect to be hydrophobic or hydrophilic? Justify your answer.
concise and short answers pls

The option to feel out every sentense are: cell wall, increasing, chloroplasts, hypotonic, hypertonic, cytokinesis, plasmolysis, and decreasing

In an isotonic solution in animal cells, there is no net movement of water.

An animal cell in a ____________ solution may lyse or burst open.

An animal cell in a ____________ solution will shrivel up or crenate.

Plant cells react differently to osmotic changes due to the presence of the ____________ , a structure that animal cells lack.

For a plant cell in a ____________ solution, vacuoles fill with water, ____________ turgor pressure.

For a plant cell in a ____________ solution, the cytoplasm shrinks causing ____________ and ____________ turgor pressure.

------------------

The opcions to fell our the following sentenses are: mitochondria, chloroplasts, ATP, passive, against, carrier, small, receptor, large, with, and active

In contrast to ____________ transport, ____________ transport requires energy for molecules to pass through cell membranes.

This might occur when molecules need to move ____________ a concentration gradient, as is the case of thyroid cells where iodine collects in ____________ concentrations.

This type of transport requires both chemical energy in the form of ____________ and ____________ proteins.

Cells involved in this type of transport often have high numbers of ____________ in order to facilitate this process.

1,Match the descriptions to the type of transport.

- A. B. C.	Water enters a cell because it is hypertonic compared to the extracellular environment, increasing its turgor pressure
- A. B. C.	Water enters guard cells because the guard cells are hypertonic compared to the surrounding cells
- A. B. C.	Potassium ions are pumped into guard cells
- A. B. C.	The motor cells of a Venus fly trap are hypotonic compared to surrounding cells, causing water to leave the motor cells
- A. B. C.	Sugar is loaded into the phloem

A.	Both active and passive transport
B.	Passive Transport
C.	Active transport

2,Describe what is wrong with the following statement and explain why:

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, organelles, cytoplasm, and cell walls.

What is short-distance transport?

	a,	The movement of solutes from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration
		b,The movement of water, nutrients, and other substances between cells
c,		The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
d,		The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

What terms describe the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration towards a region of low water concentration (and high solute concentration.)

What is found in the proptoplasm?

Cell wall, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, nucleus, and other cell organelles

Plasmodesmata, cell wall, and plasma membrane

Cell wall, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane

Cytoplasm, nucleus, and other cell organelles

The channels that allow nutrients and protoplasm to pass between plant cells are called _________________.

What happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and cell lysis will occur

Water will leave the plant cell and the plasma membrane will pull away from the cell and plasmolysis will occur

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and push against the cell wall

Water will leave the plant cell and the plant cell will lose turgor pressure, causing the plant to wilt

________________ transport uses cellular energy.

What molecules make plasma cell membranes hydrophilic on the outside and hydrophobic on the inside?

What type of cells do plants have?

		Bacterial
		Archaeic
		Eukaryotic
		Prokaryotic

BI110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 18: Cholesterol, Cotransporter, Dynamic Equilibrium

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