Health Sciences 1001A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Blood Sugar, Anemia, Antioxidant

• School: Western University
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: Health Sciences 1001A/B
• Professor: Shauna Burke

Document Summary

Nutrition the science of food and how the body uses it in health and disease. Essential nutrients substances the body must get from foods because it cannot manufacture them at all or fast enough to meet its needs; include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and water. Macronutrient an essential nutrient required by the body in relatively large amounts. Micronutrient an essential nutrient required by the body in small amounts. Digestion the process of breaking down foods in the gastrointestinal tract into compounds the body can absorb. The energy in foods is expressed as kilocalories. Kilocalorie a measure of energy content in food; one kilocalorie represents the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one litre of water by one degree. Only three of the six essential nutrients provide energy; fat, carbohydrates, and protein. Alcohol, although not an essential nutrient provides energy. Protein an essential nutrient: a compound made of amino acids that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.