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Classical Studies 3400E Chapter Notes -Gladiator, Loincloth

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yellowskunk176
18 Nov 2011
School
Western University
Department
Classical Studies
Course
Classical Studies 3400E
Professor
Chris Piper

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Document Summary

Social status gladiators and actors had an ambivalent status in ancient rome, and there were very real reasons for this. Such persons were often associated with sexual promiscuity (especially if female/effeminate). Virtus gladiators were popular because they displayed a quality called virtus, a very important value in the roman ethical system. The manly skill and courage shown by gladiators won great approval because it was connected with fighting in wartime and. Roman was a state which was at war every year somewhere in her vast empire. Bloodshed, slaughter, military glory and violence were central elements in roman culture. Gladiators could also be feared because of their physical size, prowess with weapons, and ability to inflict bodily harm. There was a basis for the roman anxiety here. Spartacus" rebellion in the 70"s bc began in a gladiatorial school. It took three years for the roman army to stamp it out.

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Related Questions

19. Which of the following is the best explanation for self-agglomeration? A. Network effects in the city economy mean that expanding industries are attracted to the city. The associated job opportunities attract workers to the city. This means that city house prices rise, and this reduces the incentive for additional people to move from the countryside. At the same time, the per capita productivity of the rural land base rises as people leave for the city, and this boosts the incomes of people living in the countryside. These two mechanisms together mean the city and rural populations are self-stabilizing. B. Network effects mean that when one firm in the city shuts down in response to trade liberalization, it reduces the productivity of all remaining firms. This means that city wages fall and the city becomes less attractive to workers. Many workers then leave the city and this means that the provision of public amenities and infrastructure declines because the per capita cost of provision rises. This in turn makes the city less productive for firms and less attractive to workers as a place to live, and the city descends into a self-reinforcing decline. Network effects in the city economy mean that industry is attracted to the city. The associated job opportunities attract workers to the city. This means that more public amenities and infrastructure can be built in the city because the per capita cost of provision falls. This boosts the productivity of industry, and the associated boost in job opportunities attracts even more people to the city. D. An ancient ritual whereby people punish themselves for the sins of their ancestors.

In a circuit containing only resistors, the basic (though notnecessarily explicit) assumption is that the current reaches itssteady-state value instantly. This is not the case for a circuitcontaining inductors. Due to a fundamental property of an inductorto mitigate any "externally imposed" change in current, the currentin such a circuit changes gradually when a switch is closed oropened.
Consider a series circuit containing a resistor of resistance andan inductor of inductance connected to a source of emf andnegligible internal resistance. The wires (including the ones thatmake up the inductor) are also assumed to have negligibleresistance.
Let us start by analyzing the process that takes place after switchis closed (switch remains open). In our further analysis, lowercaseletters will denote the instantaneous values of various quantities,whereas capital letters will denote the maximum values of therespective quantities.
Note that at any time during the process, Kirchhoff's loop ruleholds and is, indeed, helpful:
.
Part A
Immediately after the switch is closed, what is the current in thecircuit?
Hint A.1
How to approach the problem
Hint not displayed
ANSWER:

zero
Answer not displayed
Part B
Immediately after the switch is closed, what is the voltage acrossthe resistor?
Hint B.1
Ohm's law
Hint not displayed
ANSWER:

zero
Answer not displayed
Part C
Immediately after the switch is closed, what is the voltage acrossthe inductor?
Hint C.1
A formula for voltage across an inductor
Hint not displayed
ANSWER:

zero
Answer not displayed
Part D
Shortly after the switch is closed, what is the direction of thecurrent in the circuit?
ANSWER:
clockwise
counterclockwise
There is no current because the inductor does not allow the currentto increase from its initial zero value.
Answer not displayed
Part E
Shortly after the switch is closed, what is the direction of theinduced EMF in the inductor?
ANSWER:
clockwise
counterclockwise
There is no induced EMF because the initial value of the current iszero.
Answer not displayed
Part F
Eventually, the process approaches a steady state. What is thecurrent in the circuit in the steady state?
ANSWER:





Answer not displayed
Part G
What is the voltage across the inductor in the steady state?
Hint G.1
Induced EMF and current
Hint not displayed
ANSWER:
zero




Answer not displayed
Part H
What is the voltage across the resistor in the steady state?
ANSWER:
zero




Answer not displayed
Part I
Now that we have a feel for the state of the circuit in its steadystate, let us obtain the expression for the current in the circuitas a function of time. Note that we can use the loop rule (goingaround counterclockwise):
.
Note as well that and . Using these equations, we can get, aftersome rearranging of the variables and making the subsitution,
.
Integrating both sides of this equation yields
.
Use this last expression to obtain an expression for . Rememberthat and that .
Express your answer in terms of , , and . You may or may not needall these variables. Use the notation exp(x) for .
ANSWER:
=
Answer not displayed
Part J
Just as in the case of R-C circuits, the steady state here is neveractually reached: The exponential functions approach their limitsasymptotically as . However, it usually does not take very long forthe value of to get very close to its presumed limiting value. Thenext several questions illustrate this point.
Note that the quantity has dimensions of time and is called thetime constant (you may recall similar terminology applied to R-Ccircuits). The time constant is often denoted by . Using , one canwrite the expression

as
.
Find the ratio of the current at time to the maximum current.
Express your answer numerically, using three significantfigures.
ANSWER:
=
Answer not displayed
Part K
Find the time it takes the current to reach 99.999% of its maximumvalue.
Express your answer numerically, in units of . Use threesignificant figures.
ANSWER:
=
Answer not displayed

Part L
Find the time it takes the current to reach 99.999% of its maximumvalue. Assume that ohms and millihenrys.
Express your answer in seconds, using three significantfigures.
ANSWER:
=
Answer not displayed
seconds
Part M
Find the time it takes the current to reach 99.999% of its maximumvalue. Assume that ohms and henrys.
Express your answer in seconds, using three significantfigures.
ANSWER:
=
Answer not displayed
seconds
Part N
What fraction of the maximum value will be reached by the currentone minute after the switch is closed? Again, assume that ohms andhenrys.
Use three significant figures in your answer.
ANSWER:
=
Answer not displayed
Now consider a different situation. After switch has been closedfor a long time, it is opened; simultaneously, switch is closed, asshown in the figure. This effectively removes the battery from thecircuit.
The questions below refer to the time immediately after switch isopened and switch is closed.
Part O
What is the direction of the current in the circuit?
ANSWER:
clockwise
counterclockwise
The current is zero because there is no EMF in the circuit.
Answer not displayed
Part P
What is happening to the magnitude of the current?
ANSWER:
The current is increasing.
The current is decreasing.
The current remains constant.
Answer not displayed
Part Q
What is the direction of the EMF in the inductor?
ANSWER:
clockwise
counterclockwise
The EMF is zero because the current is zero.
The EMF is zero because the current is constant.
Answer not displayed
Part R
Which end of the inductor has higher voltage (i.e., to which end ofthe inductor should the positive terminal of a voltmeter beconnected in order to yield a positive reading)?
Hint R.1
How to approach the problem
Hint not displayed
ANSWER:
left
right
The potentials of both ends are the same.
The answer depends on the magnitude of the time constant.
Answer not displayed
Part S
For this circuit, Kirchhoff's loop rule gives
.
Note that , since the current is decreasing. Use this equation toobtain an expression for .
Hint S.1
Initial and final conditions
Hint not displayed
Hint S.2
Let us cheat a bit
Hint not displayed
Express your answer in terms of , , and . Use exp(x) for .
ANSWER:
=
Answer not displayed

1. Which of the following is true about close relationships? a. they are important. b. they are always emotionally intimate. c. both of the above choices. 2. Proximity refers to geographic and other forms of spatial closeness. a. true. b. false. 3. Which of the following refers to the fact that we tend to like others who like us? a. reciprocity. b. opposites attract theory. c. none of the above choices. 4. In married couples, the relationship between personality similarity and marital happiness is negative. a. true. b. false. 5. Social exchange theory seems to be less applicable in individualistic cultures. a. true. b. false. 6. Most homosexual women prefer to call themselves: a. lesbians. b. bisexuals. c. none of the above choices. 7. In addition to sexual desire, passion may include needs for: a. financial security only. b. self-esteem. c. none of the above choices. 8. Researchers have found that attachment styles are correlated with intelligence. a. true. b. false. 9. ______ occurs when one has fewer relationships than desired. a. shyness. b. loneliness. c. moodiness. 10. Low self-esteem is considered a personal quality associated with loneliness. a. true. b. false. 11. Which of the following statements is true regarding the commonly held stereotype of single people? a) The previously negative stereotype is vanishing. b) The previously positive stereotype is vanishing. c) None of the above choices. 12. Which of the following is associated with a higher probability or marital success? a) Having happily married parents. b) Shorter courtship. c) None of the above choices. 13. An orderly sequence of stages through which families progress is called a) Family development. b) The family life cycle. c) Serial monogamy.