Biochemistry 2280A Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-Ray Crystallography, Affinity Chromatography
18 Jul 2016
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Biochemistry 2280 topic 5 protein purification and proteomics. Proteins isolated from lab-grown cells that are engineered to synthesize large quantities of it. Proteins can be purified from cell and tissues. First step break open cells to release content called cell homogenate or extract. With chromatography, find protein of interest by separating different types of size, shape, and charge. Affinity chromatography: most efficient, separates proteins based on ability to bind to particular molecule. Determining protein"s structure begins with determining amino acid. Use method called mass spectroscopy: determine exact mass of peptide fragments of protein, compare with protein database from organism"s genome sequence. Tandem mass spectroscopy has higher resolution, two mass spectrometers used consecutively. Folding pattern determined experimentally with x-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) Genetic engineering techniques permit large scale production, design, Bacteria, yeast, and cultured mammalian cells used to mass produce proteins for medicine. Can also be used to create novel proteins.
