HMB440H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Senile Plaques, Neuroinflammation, Ubiquitin
Document Summary
Clinically degenerative diseases are characterized by a loss of neurological function and pathologically by a loss of neurons. Many degenerative diseases are inherited and thier genes are known. Central to the pathology and pathogenesis of degenerative diseases is the deposition of abnormal proteins in the brain o. In many diseases soluble proteins become mis-folded and turn in insoluble fibrillary amyloid which are often found bound to ubiquitin. Protein recycling in cells is done through 2 systems: The ubiquitin-proteasome system (ups): degrades abnormal/damaged proteins but also is invovled in turn over of normal short-lived proteins i. Abnormal forms of proteins (i. e. tau, mutant synuclein) form aggregates that cannot be digested in proteasomes and accumulate in the cytoplasm or nucleus in the form of inclusions ii. Impairment of this ups system is seen in many neurodegenerative diseases. Lysosomal system: degrades long-lived proteins, cytoplasm, and organelles.
