HMB265H1 Chapter Notes -Neanderthal Genome Project, Messenger Rna, Molecular Genetics
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HMB265H1 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
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Document Summary
Genetics the study of all aspects of genes. Molecular genetics deals with one or a few genes at once. Genomics the study of complete gene sets (genomes) Diploid organisms contain 2 identical sets of chromosomes. Haploid number (n) amt of chromosomes in the basic genomic set. Humans n = 23, 2n = 46. Electrophoresis will show that there are as many dna bands as the haploid chromosome #, so each chromosome must only contain 1 dna molecule. Dna is packaged very efficiently double helix coiled around nucleosomes (molecular spools composed of 8 histone proteins) Scaffold helps organize 3d structure of a chromosome dna/nucleosome coil called chromatin: centromere attachment point which moves the chromosome during cell division, telomere tips of chromosomes. Prokaryotes have no nuclei; their genomes are a single noncoiled chromosome, usually circular. Structural proteins contribute to outward physical structure, e. g. hair, muscle. Enzymatic proteins catalyze rxs w/in cells that make all types of molecules.
