BIOA02H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 18: Carl Linnaeus, Evolutionary Taxonomy, Tetrapod
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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
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Taxonomy the identification and naming of species in their placement in a classification, an arrangement of organisms into hierarchical groups that reflect their relatedness. Carl linnaeus: developed the basic system of naming and classifying organisms still in use today. Taxonomic hierarchy: arrange organisms into ever more inclusive categories. Homologous characters: sharing the same embryological/developmental history, and they are useful in preparing phylogenies (ex: the limbs of tetrapod vertebrates) Homoplasious: phenotypic similarities that evolved independently in different lineages. > provide the most useful information about evolutionary relationships because once a derived character becomes established, it is usually present in all of that species" descendants geny descendants. Monophyletic taxa those derived from a single ancestral species. Paraphyletic taxa includes an ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants (ex: reptilia) Assumption of parsimony the simplest explanation should be the most accurate. Any particular evolutionary change is an unlikely event and presumably happened only once in any evolutionary lineage.
