PSY 3103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Windscreen Wiper, Dubstep, Training Wheels
5 Oct 2015
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Prompting is most obvious in childhood social learning. Prompts and fading: learning from prompts occurs in 3 phases: prompting, reinforcement, and fading, 1) target behaviour is prompted by words, gestures, physical nudges, or other stimuli that help start the behaviour. Prompts: special stimuli that are introduced to initiate the target behaviour during early learning, although they are not wanted or needed once the behaviour is learned: 2) prompted behaviour is learned more rapidly when followed by reinforcement. Reinforcement is crucial for strengthening prompted behaviour. Sometimes natural reinforcers for doing prompted behaviour are sufficient for effective learning, but reinforcement makes learning the behaviour quicker: 3) as learning proceeds, prompts are gradually faded until the target behaviour occurs without prompts. Fading: gradual removal of any prompting stimulus so the prompted response comes under stimulus control of naturally occurring stimuli. Fading process is usually a natural aftereffect of successful prompting.
