PSY 3103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Learned Helplessness, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
22 Dec 2016
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Chapter 9: escape, avoidance, and punishment (p. 364-378) The premack approach to punishment: high probability behaviour (hpb) can be used to reinforce a low probability behaviour (lpb), and therefor a lpb can be used to punish a hpb. Reinforcing premack principle: rat gets rewarded with food (hpb) for running on a wheel (lpb). Punishing premack principle: rat forced to run on the wheel (lpb) as punishment for eating (hpb) or being being grounded and staying at home as a punished if it is a low probability behaviour. Non-contingent punishment: in most cases, a contingency exists where the organisms behaviour can modify the presence of a punisher or reinforcer. However, when such a contingency is taken away or becomes unpredictable then some unique behaviour can emerge. Initial phase: dogs were suspended in a harness and exposed to one of three conditions i.
