PSYC 102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Clark L. Hull, Ancel Keys, Libido
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PSYC 102 Full Course Notes
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Need that energizes, guides, and maintains behavior towards a goal. Instinct: unlearned, complex behavior that"s rigidly patterned throughout a species. Drive-reduction theory: first theory on motivation (clark hull, physiological need creates aroused state that drives organism to reduce need. Homeostasis: tendency for bodily functions to maintain equilibrium. Drive: psychological state creates arousal which motivates organism to satisfy need, e. g. curiosity, mastering emotions & actions, created by need, main function is to reach equilibrium (physical balance) 2 types of incentives: extrinsic: directed towards external goal, approach: studying to make parents happy, avoidance: studying to avoid punishment. 2 types of motives: biological: hunger, thirst, sex, social: belonging, esteem, dominance, curiosity: young animals are fascinated by the unfamiliar, doesn"t fill immediate physiological need. Hierarchy of needs: created by maslow, physiological needs are met before fulfilling other levels, criticism: order of needs is not universal. Yerkes-dodson law: performance increases with arousal up to a certain point, then decreases, moderate arousal: optimal performance.
