BIOL150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Niche Differentiation, Phloem, Commensalism
20 Jul 2016
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Using consumers as biocontrol agents: use of predators and parasites as biocontrol agents = integrated pest management: maximizes crops and forest productivity while using a minimum of insecticides or other harmful compounds. Mutualism: +/+ interactions, bees and flowers, mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots: sugars and c-compounds in exchange for for nitrogen or phosphorus. Many predators = treehoppers benefited, no predators = no benefit thus since the costs and benefits of species interactions are fluid, an interaction between the same 2 species may range from parasitism to mutualism to competition insert summary table: D = 1/the sum of p^2 i and pi is the relative abundance of each species, expressed as a proportion: pi=ni/n. Ni: number of individuals of each species i. N: total number of individuals of all species. Sum of all the pi values of all species are then divided into 1. Lowest possible value of d is 1, for a monoculture.
