1. Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution?
(a) Beak size in a population of birds becomes larger from onegeneration to the next
because larger beaked birds had higher reproductive success andpassed the trait to
their offspring
(b) Over long periods of time whales gradually lost theirhindlimbs
(c) When traveling to high altitude, human physiology changes toaccommodate lower
oxygen levels
(d) All of the above are examples of evolution
2. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed:
(a) bacteria represent some of the youngest species on earth
(b) organisms can adapt to their environment
(c) life arises spontaneously
(d) all of the above
(e) none of the above
3. Carlos Linnaeus:
(a) devised a system of taxonomy that is still used today
(b) accepted the idea that most of life�s diversity arosethrough the process of evolution
(c) believed that life�s diversity reflected a divine plan
(d) a and b are correct
(e) a and c are correct
4. On what point(s) would Charles Darwin and Jean-BaptisteLamarck have agreed:
(a) adaptation occurs when individuals change to adapt to theirenvironment
(b) life is spontaneously generated all the time
(c) species give rise to new species
(d) simple organisms have existed for a shorter period of timethan complex organisms
(e) they would have disagreed on all of these points
5. Several scientists have argued that life likely existed asfar back as 3.7 billion years ago. They base this claim on:
(a) the presence of biomarkers in rocks of that age
(b) fossils of stromatolites in rocks of that age
(c) fossils of photosynthetic bacteria in rocks of that age
(d) the presence of tiny blobs of mineral-rich fluids in rocksof that age
6. The earliest generally accepted fossils of living organismsare:
(a) yeasts
(b) stromatolites
(c) zircons
(d) carbon isotopes
7. The transition of from single-celled to multi-celledorganisms:
(a) happened once
(b) happened on multiple occasions
(c) occurred before the origin of eukaryotes
(d) a and c are correct
(e) b and c are correct
8. The earliest animal fossils appear similar to modern day:
(a) sponges
(b) archaea
(c) fungi
(d) jellyfish
9. Tetrapods include:
(a) organisms descended from ancestors with four limbs
(b) birds
(c) whales
(d) all of the above
10. Based on current fossil evidence:
(a) whales were likely fully aquatic before they evolvedpeg-like teeth or baleen
(b) evolution of baleen forced whales to become fullyaquatic
(c) the teeth of extinct whales such as Dorudon were similar tothose of extinct land
mammals
(d) a and c are correct
(e) b and c are correct
