MHR 523 Chapter 4: Chapter 4.docx

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Organizational structure refers to the formal relationship among jobs in an organization. An organizational chart is often used to depict the structure. There are three different types of structures: bureaucratic, flat and matrix. Bureaucratic uses a top down management approach, has many levels with highly specialized jobs with narrowly defined job descriptions and there is much focus on independent performance. Flat structures uses a decentralized management approach consisting of a few levels with broadly defined jobs with general job descriptions and there is much emphasis on product development. Job design - the process of systematically organizing work into tasks that are required to perform a specific job. Job consists of a group of related activities and duties. Position the collection of tasks and responsibilities performed by one person. Industrial engineering a field of study concerned with work methods; making work cycles more efficient by modifying, combining, rearranging, or eliminating tasks; and establishing time standards.

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