IND 400 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Staging Area, European Cooperation In Science And Technology, Barcode
2 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CHAPTER 8
Auxiliary Services Requirement Space
- Support activity departments = receiving, storage, maintenance and so on
- There are many service functions to consider in a manufacturing plant, but the activity
etes that euie a lio’s shae of spae are
- 1. Receiving and shipping
- 2. Storage
- 3. Warehousing
- 4. Maintenance and tool room
- 5. Utilities, heating, and air conditioning
Receiving and Shipping
- Receiving and shipping are two separate departments, but they have very similar
people, equipment, and space requirements
- Receiving and shipping could be placed next to each other or across the plant from each
other. The placement of the receiving and shipping departments has a big effect on
the flow of material in the plant. The receiving department is the start of the material
flow, whereas the shipping department is the end of the material flow.
A centralized receiving and shipping point would have the following advantages:
1. Common equipment
2. Common personnel
3. Improved space utilization
4. Reduced facility costs (fewer outside construction costs)
- Responsible people who know the value of proper counts, proper identification, and control of
the opa’s ost aluale assets ae eeiig ad shippig leks.
- The disadvantages of centralized shipping and receiving are space congestion and material flow.
Space congestion can cause injury, product damage, and lost materials.
- It would be a costly mistake to ship out some of the newly received parts.
- Material flow is more efficient if the material could flow straight through the plant: receiving on
one side of the plant and shipping on the other side.
- Receiving in more than one place is also a possibility --- whatever is most cost-efficient
- Where to put receiving and shipping depends on their relationship to eachother—whether they
need to be close or not dependant on the flow of materials t/o the plant
The Tukig Idust’s Effet o Reeiig ad “hippig
- deliver raw materials and parts to industry in the morning and pick up shipments in the
afternoon less than truck load (LTL) quantities
- Full truck loads are handled differently, but if you look at the
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
sources of raw materials, it could come from hundreds of sources. No one would
expect a truck to show up at the dock with one box of parts, and a full truck load
ould e eas’ oth of ieto, so plats use oo aies. to ith a odes fo
many plants. That truck and many more are unloaded
at a loal tukig opa’s aehouse. The ateials ae soted opa to
be delivered the next morning. Overnight, the local trucks are loaded for delivery.
Material for several plants could be loaded on the same truck with the first stop
loaded last and the last stop loaded first. The truck stops by the receiving department
and drops off many raw materials and parts orders for the day. In the afternoon,
the same truck could return and pick up shipments. One truck could pick
up 50,000 pounds of shipment. The shipment may then be taken to a distribution
center or a hub where it is sorted according to its destination. Subsequently, interstate trucks
pick up the shipment as they pass through a given locality.
Functions of a Receiving Department
The functions of a receiving department include
1. Assisting in locating a trailer at the receiving dock door
2. Assisting in the unloading of material
3. Recording the receipt of the number of containers
4. Opening, separating, inspecting, and counting the material being received
5. Preparing overage, shortage, or damage reports as needed
6. Developing a receiving report
7. Sending material to raw material stores or straight to production if needed
Facilities Required for a Receiving Department
Dock doors, dock plates, aisles, outside parking lots, maneuvering space, roadways, and offices
are a few examples of facilities needed in receiving departments. The number and size of these
facilities depend on the product or products, their size, and the quantities received.
Dock Doors
The # of dock doors needed depends on the arrival rate (trucks per hour) at peak time, and the
service rate (unloading time). For example, if 12 trucks arrive during a peak hour & it takes 15
mins to unload an average truck, three dock doors would be needed.
Fifteen minutes per truck would allow you to unload four trucks per hour per door, so three
doors would be needed.
Mu= 1/15 min *(60min/ hr) = 4 /hr
P= lambda/ mu = 12/4 =3 dock doors
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Dock Plates, Dock Levelers, and Dock Boards
These are all tools used to bridge the gap between the floors of buildings and the floors of
trailers so that material can be moved on and off the trailer easily. There is a big difference in
the cost of these facilities. They will be discussed further in Chapter 11.
Aisles
Aisles leading from the trailers into the plant must be sized for the material handling
equipment, the material being moved, and the frequency of trips. Generally, aisles into trailers
are 8 feet wide because that is the width of a trailer, but sometimes a trailer is unloaded from
the side or with overhead bridge cranes. Plan for such differences.
Outside of the loading dock
Space considerations should take into account the following:
1. Trailer parking alone can take up 65 feet out from the plant wall.
2. Maneuvering space is the space between the road and parking area and is usually about 45 feet.
3. Roadways are 11 feet one way or 22 feet for two-way traffic.
Offices
Offices on the receiving dock are normally very small. Space for a desk, files for purchase
orders, Bates logs, receiving reports, and over, shortage, and damage reports are all needed.
Depending on the # of ppl assigned to the receiving area, 100 square feet per clerk is
necessary.
Space Requirements for a Receiving Department
The first method of determining receiving dock space calls for visualization of the receiving job
based on the number of finished products produced per day and the weight of those units. For
example, if you are making 2,000 toolboxes per day and those toolboxes weigh 5 pounds each,
10,000 pounds of steel will be required every day. So, on the average, 10,000 pounds will be
received and shipped every day. Some days it will be 5,000 pounds, other days 15,000 pounds,
but on the average 10,000 pounds per day. The receiving dock will be sized to receive 10,000
pounds. What does 10,000 pounds of steel look like? Consider that 40,000 pounds is a truck
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Support activity departments = receiving, storage, maintenance and so on. There are many service functions to consider in a manufacturing plant, but the activity (cid:272)e(cid:374)te(cid:396)s that (cid:396)e(cid:395)ui(cid:396)e a lio(cid:374)"s sha(cid:396)e of spa(cid:272)e are. Receiving and shipping are two separate departments, but they have very similar people, equipment, and space requirements. Receiving and shipping could be placed next to each other or across the plant from each other. The placement of the receiving and shipping departments has a big effect on the flow of material in the plant. The receiving department is the start of the material flow, whereas the shipping department is the end of the material flow. A centralized receiving and shipping point would have the following advantages: common equipment, common personnel, improved space utilization, reduced facility costs (fewer outside construction costs) Responsible people who know the value of proper counts, proper identification, and control of the (cid:272)o(cid:373)pa(cid:374)(cid:455)"s (cid:373)ost (cid:448)alua(cid:271)le assets a(cid:396)e (cid:396)e(cid:272)ei(cid:448)i(cid:374)g a(cid:374)d shippi(cid:374)g (cid:272)le(cid:396)ks.
