PHILOS 2YY3 Chapter Notes - Chapter Utilitarianism: Rule Utilitarianism, Consequentialism
3 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Hardwood examines eleven criticisms of various forms of utilitarianism. Argues that the most plausible form of utilitarianism is act-utilitarianism opposed to rule- utilitarianism. However: act-utilitarianism is still subject to severe criticisms. One criticism: utilitarianism is unjust and fails to grant sufficient weight to promise keeping. Discusses 11 objections to utilitarianism but does not accept all 11. Purpose = to survey objections to this theory and provoke discussion. Begins by attempting to clarify the nature of utilitarianism. Different versions of utilitarianism includes: motive-utilitarianism, act-utilitarianism, rule-utilitarianism, average utilitarianism, total utilitarianism, hedonistic utilitarianism, eudaimonistic utilitarianism, negative utilitarianism, welfare-utilitarianism, preference-satisfaction utilitarianism, felt-satisfaction utilitarianism, ideal utilitarianism. Many of these versions developed to deal with the objections to other versions of utilitarianism: but these new versions seem to be circular with the same problems. U tells us how we should act: it is a moral principle.
