BIOLOGY 1A03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Amylose, Cell Membrane, Oligosaccharide

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1A03
• Professor: George Donaldson

Document Summary

Energy source - glucose is rapidly metabolized energy storage starch and glycogen structural support cellulose, chitin, cartilage (mushrooms) transport of energy source sucrose (plants), lactose (milk) cell surface signals cell communication and cell-cell recognition. Monosaccharides are single, simple sugars (figure 5. 1) ~ distinguishing features: carbonyl group at the end of carbon chain (an aldose) or in the middle of carbon chain (a ketose) ~presence of a carbonyl group along with hydroxyl groups provides an array of functional groups in sugars. ~vary in # of carbons present: tiose (3c), pentose (5 c), hexose (6c) ~vary in spatial arrangement of their atoms (such as the difference between glucose and galactose) (figure 5. 2) ~alpha glucose is when hydroxyl group (oh) is below the plane and beta glucose is when hydroxyl group is above the plane. Beta form is more common as it is more stable that the alpha form. ~different monosaccharides often have same chemical formula, called isomers.