BIOL 261 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Cinnabar, Mendelian Inheritance, Research In Computational Molecular Biology
27 Feb 2017
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Chromosome mutations different than gene mutations large scale variation. Group of common genetic disorders results from presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes. Humans mutate plant breeding to have improve commercially imported agricultural crops. Changes in chromosome number are 2 types. Aberrant euploidy = changes in whole chromosome set. Aneuploidy = changes in parts of chromosome set. Euploid = organisms with multiples of basic chromosome set (genome) 1 set haploidy or 2 sets diploidy. Organisms that have more or fewer than the normal number of sets are aberrant euploidy. 3n (triploid) 4n (tetraploid) 5n (pentaploid) 6n (hexaploid) Number of chromosome sets is called ploidy or ploidy levels. Individual member of a normally diploid species with only 1 chromosome set monoploid. Monoploids male bees, wasps + ants. Pathogenesis = development of a specialized type of unfertilized egg into an embryo without the need for fertilization. All members of diploid species carry a number of deleterious recessive mutations (genetic load)
