7126 Chapter Notes - Chapter MODULE 3B: Operational Definition, Internal Consistency, Suicidal Ideation
20 Jun 2018
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EFA Example 4: university student motivation
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Psychometric Instrument Development
Concepts and their measurement – Bryman and cramer
- Bryman and Cramer 97’
- Concepts
oExpress common elements in the world (to which we give a name)
oForm a linchpin in the process of social research
- Hypothesis
oSpecify expected relations between concepts
- Operationalisation
oA concept needs to be operationally defined in order for systematic research to be
conducted in relation to it
oAn operational definition specifies the procedures (operations) that will permit
differences between individuals in respect of the concepts concerned to be precisely
specified
oWhat we are in reality talking about here is measurement, that is, the assignment of
numbers to the units of analysis – be they people, organisations or nations, to which
a concept refers
oThe act of making a fuzzy concept measureable
oSocial science often uses multi-item measures to assess related by distinct aspect of
a fuzzy concept
oSteps
Brainstorm indicators of a concept
Define the concept
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Document Summary
Concepts and their measurement bryman and cramer. Concepts: express common elements in the world (to which we give a name, form a linchpin in the process of social research. Measurement error: is statistical deviation from the true value causes by the measurement procedure. Measurement error = systematic error/+/- random error. Minimising measurement error: standardise administration conditions with clear instructions and questions, minimise potential demand characteristics (eg train interviewers, use multiple indicators for fuzzy constructs, obtain a representative sample. For non-probability sampling, use strategies to minimise selection bias: maximise response rate. Set up efficient coding, with well labelled variables. Check data (double check at least a portion of the data) Psychometrics: goal: to validly measure differences between individuals and groups in psychosocial qualities such as attitudes and personality. Psychometric tasks: develop approaches and procedures (theory and practice) for measuring psychological phenomena, design and test psychological measurement instrumentation. Eg examine and improve reliability and validity of psychological tests.
