LQB185 Chapter Notes - Chapter 19: Extracellular Fluid, Blood Plasma, Circulatory System
25 May 2018
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Chapter 19- The cardiovascular system
19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood
➢ Blood: a liquid connective tissue that consists of cells surrounded by a
liquid extracellular matrix.
➢ Interstitial Fluid: fluid that bathes body cells and is constantly renewed
by the blood.
➢ Blood transports oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the
gastrointestinal tract, which then diffuses from the blood into the
interstitial fluid and then into body cells.
➢ Carbon dioxide and other waste more in the reverse direction.
➢ Function of Blood:
1. Transportation
- Transports oxygen from lungs to body cells
- Carbon dioxide from body cells to lungs
- Nutrients from gastrointestinal tract to body cells
- Hormones from endocrine glands to body cells.
- Heat and waste products to various organs for elimination.
2. Regulation
- Circulating helps maintain homeostasis of all fluids
- Regulate pH using buffers + fluid pressure
- Adjust body temperature through heat-absorbing a coolant
properties of water
- Blood osmotic pressure influences water content of cells.
3. Protection
- Can clot which protects excessive loss from cardiovascular system
after an injury
- White blood cells protect against disease
➢ Characteristics of Blood
- Blood is denser and thicker than water, 4-6 litres
- Temperature of blood 38*C
- pH level ranging from 7.35-7.45
- Oxygen content affects the colour of blood
➢ Components of Blood
- 2 components:
-Blood plasma 55% (watery liquid extracellular matrix)
-Formed Elements 45% (cell and cell fragments, RBC, WBC)
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➢ Blood Plasma
- when formed, elements are removed, only the blood plasma is left
- plasma is 91.5% water, 8.5% solutes (mostly proteins)
- Plasma Proteins: proteins found in blood plasma
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Blood: a liquid connective tissue that consists of cells surrounded by a liquid extracellular matrix. Interstitial fluid: fluid that bathes body cells and is constantly renewed by the blood. Blood transports oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract, which then diffuses from the blood into the interstitial fluid and then into body cells. Carbon dioxide and other waste more in the reverse direction. Transports oxygen from lungs to body cells. Carbon dioxide from body cells to lungs. Nutrients from gastrointestinal tract to body cells. Hormones from endocrine glands to body cells. Heat and waste products to various organs for elimination: regulation. Circulating helps maintain homeostasis of all fluids. Regulate ph using buffers + fluid pressure. Adjust body temperature through heat-absorbing a coolant properties of water. Blood osmotic pressure influences water content of cells: protection. Can clot which protects excessive loss from cardiovascular system after an injury. Blood is denser and thicker than water, 4-6 litres.
